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      Calidad de vida en cuidadores familiares de adultos mayores frágiles Translated title: Quality of life in family caregivers of frail older adults

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar el comportamiento de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de los cuidadores primarios de adultos mayores frágiles. Métodos: Estudio transversal correlacional desarrollado en el Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico-Docente "Dr. León Cuervo Rubio", de Pinar del Río, entre 2018 y 2019. Fueron reclutados 276 cuidadores, mediante muestreo intencional, aplicándoseles varios instrumentos, para la obtención de información. Además de los métodos de estadística descriptiva, se empleó el análisis estadístico inferencial, para buscar la existencia de interacciones entre variables. Resultados: La edad del cuidador presentó una mediana de 47 años; desempeñándose el 53,6 %,más de cuatro años en labores de cuidado, dedicándole una media de 4,9 horas diarias a dicha labor, predominando los cuidadores sin adiestramiento previo (76,1 %) y con apoyo social inadecuado (57,6 %). Las dimensiones rol físico, función social, salud mental, vitalidad y rol emocional fueron las más afectadas. Las características sociodemográficas y vinculadas al cuidado mostraron asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05), con la afectación a diferentes dimensiones de la encuesta SF-36, quienes fueron correlacionadas con la carga del cuidador, la antigüedad y la cantidad de horas diarias de cuidado. Conclusiones: Fue determinado el estado de la calidad de vida de los cuidadores, detallándose una mayor afectación del componente mental, que incluía las dimensiones función social, salud mental, vitalidad, rol emocional. A su vez, fueron identificadas las variables sociodemográficas asociadas a la afectación de la calidad de vida en cada una de sus dimensiones, así como se logró correlacionar la calidad de vida con variables asociadas al cuidador.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the health-related quality of life behavior of primary caregivers of frail older adults. Methods: Cross-sectional correlational study developed at the "Dr. León Cuervo Rubio", from Pinar del Río, between 2018 and 2019. 276 caregivers were recruited, through intentional sampling, applying various instruments to obtain information. In addition to descriptive statistics methods, inferential statistical analysis was used to search for the existence of interactions between variables. Results: The age of the caregiver presented a median of 47 years; 53.6% performing, more than four years in care work, dedicating an average of 4.9 hours a day to this work, predominating caregivers without prior training (76.1%) and with inadequate social support (57.6 %). The physical role, social function, mental health, vitality and emotional role dimensions were the most affected. The sociodemographic and care-related characteristics showed a statistically significant association (p <0.05), with the effect on different dimensions of the SF-36 survey, which were correlated with the caregiver's burden, seniority and the number of hours per day of care. Conclusions: The state of the quality of life of the caregivers was determined, detailing a greater affectation of the mental component, which included the dimensions of social function, mental health, vitality, emotional role. In turn, the sociodemographic variables associated with the affectation of the quality of life in each of its dimensions were identified, as well as it was possible to correlate the quality of life with variables associated with the caregiver.

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          Most cited references32

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          The Zarit Burden Interview: a new short version and screening version.

          The purpose of the study was to develop a short and a screening version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) that would be suitable across diagnostic groups of cognitively impaired older adults, and that could be used for cross-sectional, longitudinal, and intervention studies. We used data from 413 caregivers of cognitively impaired older adults referred to a memory clinic. We collected information on caregiver burden with the 22-item ZBI, and information about dependence in activities of daily living (ADLs) and the frequency of problem behaviors among care recipients. We used factor analysis and item-total correlations to reduce the number of items while taking into consideration diagnosis and change scores. We produced a 12-item version (short) and a 4-item version (screening) of the ZBI. Correlations between the short and the full version ranged from 0.92 to 0.97, and from 0.83 to 0.93 for the screening version. Correlations between the three versions and ADL and problem behaviors were similar. We further investigated the behavior of the short version with a two-way analysis of variance and found that it produced identical results to the full version. The short and screening versions of the ZBI produced results comparable to those of the full version. Reducing the number of items did not affect the properties of the ZBI, and it may lead to easier administration of the instrument.
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            Family Caregiving for Older Adults

            Family members are the primary source of support for older adults with chronic illness and disability. Thousands of published empirical studies and dozens of reviews have documented the psychological and physical health effects of caregiving, identified caregivers at risk for adverse outcomes, and evaluated a wide range of intervention strategies to support caregivers. Caregiving as chronic stress exposure is the conceptual driver for much of this research. We review and synthesize the literature on the impact of caregiving and intervention strategies for supporting caregivers. The impact of caregiving is highly variable, driven largely by the intensity of care provided and the suffering of the care recipient. The intervention literature is littered with many failures and some successes. Successful interventions address both the pragmatics of care and the emotional toll of caregiving. We conclude with both research and policy recommendations that address a national agenda for caregiving.
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              Impacts of Informal Caregiving on Caregiver Employment, Health, and Family

                Author and article information

                Journal
                sun
                Revista Salud Uninorte
                Salud, Barranquilla
                Fundación Universidad del Norte, División de Ciencias de la (Barranquilla, Atlantico, Colombia )
                0120-5552
                2011-7531
                April 2022
                : 38
                : 1
                : 129-145
                Affiliations
                [1] Pinar del Río orgnamePoliclínico Universitario Luis A Turcios Lima Cuba ashirogi.science@ 123456gmail.com
                [2] Pinar del Río orgnameHospital Clínico-Quirúrgico-Docente "Dr. León Cuervo Rubio" Cuba nlemus@ 123456infomed.sld.cu
                [3] Pinar del Río orgnamePoliclínico Docente "Modesto Gómez Rubio" Cuba liyansis.linares@ 123456infomed.sld.cu
                [4] Artemisa orgnamePoliclínico Docente "Camilo Cienfuegos Gorriarán" orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Artemisa Cuba lazaroraidelmd@ 123456infomed.sld.cu
                [5] Pinar del Río Pinar del Río orgnameFacultad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río Cuba ashirogi@ 123456infomed.sld.cu
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1597-9202
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6780-4327
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9802-7292
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6289-8125
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4987-6957
                Article
                S0120-55522022000100129 S0120-5552(22)03800100129
                10.14482/sun.38.1.613.044
                e92a889c-afdc-4fc6-8d96-a8df729d1c0c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 September 2020
                : 06 July 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 17
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                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                estrés psicológico,calidad de vida,quality of life,caregivers,aged,old age assistance,workload,psychological stress,cuidadores,anciano,asistencia a los ancianos,carga de trabajo

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