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      Epigenetics and genetics. MicroRNAs en route to the clinic: progress in validating and targeting microRNAs for cancer therapy.

      1 ,
      Nature reviews. Cancer
      Springer Science and Business Media LLC

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          Abstract

          In normal cells multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) converge to maintain a proper balance of various processes, including proliferation, differentiation and cell death. miRNA dysregulation can have profound cellular consequences, especially because individual miRNAs can bind to and regulate multiple mRNAs. In cancer, the loss of tumour-suppressive miRNAs enhances the expression of target oncogenes, whereas increased expression of oncogenic miRNAs (known as oncomirs) can repress target tumour suppressor genes. This realization has resulted in a quest to understand the pathways that are regulated by these miRNAs using in vivo model systems, and to comprehend the feasibility of targeting oncogenic miRNAs and restoring tumour-suppressive miRNAs for cancer therapy. Here we discuss progress in using mouse models to understand the roles of miRNAs in cancer and the potential for manipulating miRNAs for cancer therapy as these molecules make their way towards clinical trials.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Nat Rev Cancer
          Nature reviews. Cancer
          Springer Science and Business Media LLC
          1474-1768
          1474-175X
          Nov 24 2011
          : 11
          : 12
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
          Article
          nrc3166 NIHMS507304
          10.1038/nrc3166
          4314215
          22113163
          e949d21e-47e4-4209-8992-f899d808690d
          History

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