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      ABO blood type, smoking status, other risk factors and prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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          The aim of this observational study was to test whether ABO blood type was a prognostic factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients and whether other risk factors could influence pancreatic cancer patients’ survival. This study included 610 patients who were diagnosed as pancreatic cancer and had undergone radical surgery. Patients’ characteristics included age, gender, tumor stage, tumor grade, adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) status, preoperative serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels, preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, ABO blood type, smoking status, and drinking status were analyzed in this study. Cox proportional hazards regression model and Kaplan–Meier method were used to evaluate the role of prognostic factors. For pancreatic cancer patients undergoing radical surgery, the overall survival was worse for ASC patients than PDAC patients (Log-rank = 11.315, P < .001). Compared with ASC patients (Log-rank < 0.001, P = .996), PDAC patients can benefit from chemotherapy (Log-rank = 17.665, P < .001). For PDAC patients, O blood type had better overall survival than non-O blood type (Log-rank = 4.153, P = .042). Moreover, the group with higher serum levels of CA19-9 had poor prognosis compared to another group with low serum CA19-9 (Log-rank = 4.122, P = .042). Higher CEA levels indicated poor prognosis (Log-rank = 13.618, P < .001). In conclusion, ASC status was associated with overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients and cannot benefit from postoperative chemotherapy. Non-O blood type was a prognostic factor for PDAC patients.

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          Body mass index and risk, age of onset, and survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.

          Ahmed Hassan, Felix Day, Donghui Li … (2009)
          Obesity has been implicated as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. To demonstrate the association of excess body weight across an age cohort and the risk, age of onset, and overall survival of patients with pancreatic cancer. A case-control study of 841 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and 754 healthy individuals frequency matched by age, race, and sex. The study was conducted at a university cancer center in the United States from 2004 to 2008. Height and body weight histories were collected by personal interview starting at ages 14 to 19 years and over 10-year intervals progressing to the year prior to recruitment in the study. The associations between patients' body mass index (BMI) and risk of pancreatic cancer, age at onset, and overall survival were examined by unconditional logistic regression, linear regression, and Cox proportional hazard regression models, respectively. Individuals who were overweight (a BMI of 25-29.9) from the ages of 14 to 39 years (highest odds ratio [OR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-2.34) or obese (a BMI > or = 30) from the ages of 20 to 49 years (highest OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.70-3.90) had an associated increased risk of pancreatic cancer, independent of diabetes status. The association was stronger in men (adjusted OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.45-2.23) by mean BMI from the ages of 14 to 59 years than in women (adjusted OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02-1.70) and in ever smokers (adjusted OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.37-2.22) than in never smokers (adjusted OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.16-1.84). The population-attributable risk percentage of pancreatic cancer based on the mean BMI from the ages of 14 to 59 years was 10.3% for never smokers and 21.3% for ever smokers. Individuals who were overweight or obese from the ages of 20 to 49 years had an earlier onset of pancreatic cancer by 2 to 6 years (median age of onset was 64 years for patients with normal weight, 61 years for overweight patients [P = .02], and 59 years for obese patients [P < .001]). Compared with those with normal body weight and after adjusting for all clinical factors, individuals who were overweight or obese from the ages of 30 to 79 years or in the year prior to recruitment had reduced overall survival of pancreatic cancer regardless of disease stage and tumor resection status (overweight patients: hazard ratio, 1.26 [95% CI, 0.94-1.69], P = .04; obese patients: hazard ratio, 1.86 [95% CI, 1.35-2.56], P < .001). Overweight or obesity during early adulthood was associated with a greater risk of pancreatic cancer and a younger age of disease onset. Obesity at an older age was associated with a lower overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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            Pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes mellitus: prevalence and temporal association with diagnosis of cancer.

            Suresh T. Chari, Cynthia Leibson, Kari G. Rabe … (2008)
            The temporal association between diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer is poorly understood. We compared temporal patterns in diabetes prevalence in pancreatic cancer and controls. We reviewed the medical records of pancreatic cancer cases residing within 120 miles or less of Rochester, Minnesota, seen at the Mayo Clinic between January 15, 1981, and July 9, 2004, and approximately 2 matched controls/case residing locally. We abstracted all outpatient fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels for up to 60 months before index (ie, date of cancer diagnosis for cases) and grouped them into 12-month intervals; 736 cases and 1875 controls had 1 or more outpatient FBG levels in the medical record. Diabetes was defined as any FBG level of 126 mg/dL or greater or treatment for diabetes, and was defined as new onset when criteria for diabetes were first met 24 or fewer months before index, with at least 1 prior FBG level less than 126 mg/dL. A higher proportion of pancreatic cancer cases compared with controls met the criteria for diabetes at any time in the 60 months before index (40.2% vs 19.2%, P < .0001). The proportions were similar in the -60 to -48 (P = .76) and -48 to -36 (P = .06) month time periods; however, a greater proportion of cases than controls met criteria for diabetes in the -36 to -24 (P = .04), -24 to -12 (P < .001), and -12 to 0 (P < .001) month time periods. Diabetes was more often new onset in cases vs controls (52.3% vs 23.6%, P < .0001). Diabetes has a high (40%) prevalence in pancreatic cancer and frequently is new onset. Identification of a specific biomarker for pancreatic cancer-induced diabetes may allow screening for pancreatic cancer in new-onset diabetes.
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              Diabetes, antidiabetic medications, and pancreatic cancer risk: an analysis from the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium.

              C Bosetti, V. Rosato, D Li … (2014)
              Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been associated with an excess risk of pancreatic cancer, but the magnitude of the risk and the time-risk relationship are unclear, and there is limited information on the role of antidiabetic medications.
              Article 0 comments Cited 84 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Medicine (Baltimore)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Medicine (Baltimore)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): MEDI
                Title: Medicine
                Publisher: Wolters Kluwer Health
                ISSN (Print): 0025-7974
                ISSN (Electronic): 1536-5964
                Publication date Collection: April 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 03 April 2020
                Volume: 99
                Issue: 14
                Electronic Location Identifier: e19413
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan
                [b ]Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medical, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
                [c ]Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Correspondence: Qing Zhu, (e-mail: newzhuqing1972@ 123456yahoo.com ), Cheng Yi, Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (e-mail: yicheng6834@ 123456126.com ).
                Article
                Publisher ID: MD-D-19-09410 Accession ID: 19413
                DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000019413
                PMC ID: 7220786
                PubMed ID: 32243360
                SO-VID: e979a5ab-1636-4324-8f32-76b77feb845e
                Copyright © Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC), where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

                History
                Date received : 28 November 2019
                Date revision received : 22 January 2020
                Date accepted : 04 February 2020
                Categories
                Subject: 5700
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Observational Study
                Custom metadata
                OPEN-ACCESS TRUE

                Keywords: abo blood type,adenosquamous carcinoma,carbohydrate antigen 19-9,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,postoperative chemotherapy,prognosis
                Data availability:
                Keywords: abo blood type, adenosquamous carcinoma, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, postoperative chemotherapy, prognosis

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