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      Actitud del personal sanitario frente a la vacunación antigripal en el hospital de referencia del Principado de Asturias Translated title: Health professionals' attitudes against influenza vaccination in a Spanish terciary hospital

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Fundamentos: El personal sanitario está incluido entre los grupos de riesgo para los que se recomienda la vacunación antigripal anual. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la actitud de los profesionales sanitarios del centro de referencia en el Principado de Asturias frente a la vacunación antigripal durante la campaña 2017-2018. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal entre septiembre de 2017 y mayo de 2018 mediante cuestionario. Se estudiaron variables sociodemográficas y referidas a las razones de vacunación antigripal. Para el análisis descriptivo se utilizaron la media, la desviación típica, el rango, las frecuencias y el porcentaje. La comparación entre vacunados y no vacunados se realizó mediante Chi Cuadrado, Saphiro-Wilk y U Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Participaron 518 profesionales, que presentaron una tasa de vacunación del 29,53%. La razón principal para vacunarse fue su eficacia (media en la escala Likert de 4,11 sobre 5), mientras que para no hacerlo fue la falta de interés (media de 3,41 sobre 5). Existió relación con el tipo de contrato y la categoría profesional, presentando menores cifras de vacunación el personal temporal (p=0,003) y las enfermeras (p<0,001). Se encontró también asociación con los profesionales que siempre se vacunaban en la campaña a estudio (p<0,001) y con los profesionales que se vacunaron en su centro de trabajo (p=0,002). Además, la profesión (p=0,014) y la familia (p<0,001) resultaron influyentes en su decisión. Conclusiones: La tasa de vacunación de los profesionales sanitarios es similar a la de otros centros en España, pero sigue estando por debajo de la meta planteada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Un entorno laboral positivo hacia la vacuna antigripal y el fomento de la información sobre la misma desde los servicios de salud laboral podrían resultar factores favorecedores en la decisión de vacunarse por parte del personal sanitario.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Background: Healthcare professionals is one of the risk groups to which influenza vaccination is recommended. The main objective was to know the attitudes of healthcare professionals about influenza vaccination in the Principality of Asturias' reference centre during the campaign 2017-2018. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study between September 2017 and May 2018, using a questionnaire. Sociodemographic variables and reasons for accepting or refuse the influenza vaccination were studied. For descriptive analysis we used the mean, mode, standard deviation, range, frequencies and percentages. The comparison between vaccinated and unvaccinated was made by the Chi square test, Saphiro-Wilk test and U Mann-Whitney test. Results: The sample was formed by 518 participants, finally resulted a 29.53% vaccination rate. The principal reason for accepting the vaccine was its efficacy (average on the Likert scale of 4.11 out of 5), while the main reason for not vaccination was the lack of interest (mean=3.41 out of 5). It confirmed relationship between the type of contract and the professional category, the lower vaccination was in the temporary staff (p=0.003) and the nursing profession (p<0.001). We also found association between professionals that used to receive the vaccine in all the campaigns (p<0.001) and those who received the immunization in their workplace (p=0.002). Finally, the profession (p=0.014) and the family (p<0.001) also were influential in the decision of the immunized. Conclusions: The vaccination rate of the professionals who work in the Asturias' reference hospital is similar to that of other health centres in Spain, but it is below the objective set by the World Health Organization. The previous contact with the influenza immunization, a positive working environment respecting the vaccine and the promotion of information, could be favourable factors in the vaccinal decision of the health workers.

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          Motivators and barriers to vaccination of health professionals against seasonal influenza in primary healthcare

          Background Over the last decade, the vaccination rates amongst the general population in Slovenia were declining. According to the World Health Organisation, the vaccination rates amongst healthcare workers are also low throughout Europe. The aim of this study was to evaluate vaccination rates for seasonal flu amongst healthcare workers on the primary care level in the Koroška region and to find motivators and barriers for vaccination. Methods In a cross-sectional study, an anonymous questionnaire was distributed to all health centres, nursing homes and private contractors, who agreed to participate. Out of 334 distributed questionnaires, 250 (74.8%) were analysed. Bivariate and multivariable statistical analyses were conducted. Results Only 12% of included health professionals were vaccinated in the 2014/15 season. The main motivators for vaccination coverage were: awareness of high risk of infection at the workplace, self-protection and protection of family members and co-workers. The main barriers for vaccination were doubt in the effectiveness of the vaccine, fear of side effects and the belief that health professionals are not at high risk of influenza infection. In the multivariable model, a positive association was found between the vaccination, older age and belief in the effectiveness against influenza, while a negative association was found between the nurses’ profession and vaccination. Conclusion The trend of declining rates for seasonal influenza vaccination is continuing. Protection of the patients was not among the most important reasons for vaccination. This especially endangers clients of nursing homes. The recognized motivators, barriers and other factors that were important for vaccination coverage/hesitancy could be used for designing strategies and educational programmes for health professionals to improve the vaccination coverage rates. The strategy should include the specifics of health profession groups.
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            Behavioral change with influenza vaccination: factors influencing increased uptake of the pandemic H1N1 versus seasonal influenza vaccine in health care personnel.

            Many health care personnel (HCP) choose not to get vaccinated against influenza despite recommendations to do so. The pH1N1 epidemic gave a unique opportunity to evaluate the attitudes to influenza vaccination of a group of HCP who routinely choose not to get vaccinated, but accepted the pH1N1 vaccine. HCP employed at a tertiary care hospital in Winnipeg, Canada who received the pH1N1 vaccine were invited to participate in an online survey asking about attitudes and experiences regarding seasonal and pH1N1 influenza and vaccination. Those eligible included primarily nurses, other clinical staff, and support staff, as few physicians work as employees. Of the 684 respondents (29% return rate), 504 reported routinely getting vaccinated (RV) for seasonal influenza and 180 reported routinely not getting vaccinated (NRV). These two groups had different attitude towards the two strains of influenza, with markedly lower level of concern about seasonal influenza than pH1N1 for the NRV group. The contrast was especially notable regarding the NRV's view of the seriousness of the illness, their sense of exposure risk, and their confidence in the vaccine effectiveness (for all, seasonal
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              Motors of influenza vaccination uptake and vaccination advocacy in healthcare workers: A comparative study in six European countries

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                resp
                Revista Española de Salud Pública
                Rev. Esp. Salud Publica
                Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar social (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1135-5727
                2173-9110
                2019
                : 93
                : e201908057
                Affiliations
                [2] Oviedo Asturias orgnameUniversidad de Oviedo Spain
                [1] Oviedo orgnameHospital Universitario Central de Asturias España
                Article
                S1135-57272019000100427 S1135-5727(19)09300000427
                e9bfea9e-3159-4580-b990-cfd375f9d3a6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 January 2019
                : 27 May 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 20, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Categories
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                Vaccination coverage,Cobertura de vacunación,Vacunación,Salud pública,Hospital,Gripe humana,Personal de salud,Preventive health services,Public health,Human influenza,Health personnel,Vaccination,Servicios preventivos de salud

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