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      Tropical bacteria isolated from oil-contaminated mangrove soil: bioremediation by natural attenuation and bioaugmentation Translated title: Aislamiento de bacterias tropicales en suelo de mangle contaminado por hidrocarburos: biorremediación por atenuación natural y bioaumentación

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          Abstract

          The biodegradation of DRO compounds was evaluated by the processes of natural attenuation and bioaugmentation in mangrove soil. Prior to the experimente, a consortium of bacteria capable of degrading hydrocarbons was isolated and identified: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. luteola, Sphingomonas paucimobiiis and P. fluorescens. For natural attenuation, mangrove oil contaminated soil was placed in horizontal tubular reactors with air supply and no addition of bacteria. While for bioaugmentation three initial inocula from bacterial consortium (0,02, 0.04 and 0.06 g L-1 biomass dry weight) were added to the mangrove soil, maintaining aeration and moisture (30-). The samples were collected every 30 days during 3 months and the oil content was analyzed with a gas chromatograph (GC). The degradation of diesel oil range (40.3%) was higher with an inocula size of 0.06 g L-1, where C12, C18 and C26 were the most susceptible to degradation, while in trie process of natural attenuation only 4.51% was removed, suggesting that the low nutrient content in the mangrove soil and bacteria number could limit; the hydrocarbon degradation. Therefore it is possible to increase the degradation through bioaugmentation in a system as the mangrove soil.

          Translated abstract

          La biodegradación de DRO componentes fue evaluada por procesos de atenuación natural y bioaumentación en suelo de mangle. Previo a los experimentos se realizó el aislamiento e identificación de un consorcio de bacterias capaces de degradar hidrocarburos: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. luteola, Sphingomonas paucimobilis y P. fluorescens. Para atenuación natural, el suelo de mangle contaminado con hidrocarburo fue colocado en reactores tubulares horizontales con suministro de aire y sin adición de bacterias. Para bioaumentación tres tamaños de inoculo inicial del consorcio de bacterias (0.02, 0.04 y 0.06 g L-1 biomasa peso seco) fueron adicionados al suelo de mangle contaminado, manteniendo la aireación y humedad (30%). Se colectaron muestras cada 30 días durante 3 meses y se analizaron por cromatografía de gases. La degradación en rango diesel (40.3%) fue mayor con un tamaño de inoculo de 0.06 g L-1, donde los hidrocarburos C12, C18 y C26 fueron mas susceptibles. En el proceso de atenuación únicamente el 4.51% fue removido, sugiriendo que el bajo contenido de nutrientes y número de bacterias en suelo de mangle podría causar una limitación en la biodegradación de hidrocarburo. Por lo tanto, es posible incrementar esta degradación a través de la bioaumentación en suelo de mangle.

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          Most cited references41

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          The role of sediment microorganisms in the productivity, conservation, and rehabilitation of mangrove ecosystems: an overview

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            Comparative bioremediation of soils contaminated with diesel oil by natural attenuation, biostimulation and bioaugmentation.

            Bioremediation of diesel oil in soil can occur by natural attenuation, or treated by biostimulation or bioaugmentation. In this study we evaluated all three technologies on the degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in soil. In addition, the number of diesel-degrading microorganisms present and microbial activity as indexed by the dehydrogenase assay were monitored. Soils contaminated with diesel oil in the field were collected from Long Beach, California, USA and Hong Kong, China. After 12 weeks of incubation, all three treatments showed differing effects on the degradation of light (C12-C23) and heavy (C23-C40) fractions of TPH in the soil samples. Bioaugmentation of the Long Beach soil showed the greatest degradation in the light (72.7%) and heavy (75.2%) fractions of TPH. Natural attenuation was more effective than biostimulation (addition of nutrients), most notably in the Hong Kong soil. The greatest microbial activity (dehydrogenase activity) was observed with bioaugmentation of the Long Beach soil (3.3-fold) and upon natural attenuation of the Hong Kong sample (4.0-fold). The number of diesel-degrading microorganisms and heterotrophic population was not influenced by the bioremediation treatments. Soil properties and the indigenous soil microbial population affect the degree of biodegradation; hence detailed site specific characterization studies are needed prior to deciding on the proper bioremediation method.
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              Biotechnology and bioremediation: successes and limitations.

              With advances in biotechnology, bioremediation has become one of the most rapidly developing fields of environmental restoration, utilizing microorganisms to reduce the concentration and toxicity of various chemical pollutants, such as petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalate esters, nitroaromatic compounds, industrial solvents, pesticides and metals. A number of bioremediation strategies have been developed to treat contaminated wastes and sites. Selecting the most appropriate strategy to treat a specific site can be guided by considering three basic principles: the amenability of the pollutant to biological transformation to less toxic products (biochemistry), the accessibility of the contaminant to microorganisms (bioavailability) and the opportunity for optimization of biological activity (bioactivity). Recent advances in the molecular genetics of biodegradation and studies on enzyme-tailoring and DNA-shuffling are discussed in this paper.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmiq
                Revista mexicana de ingeniería química
                Rev. Mex. Ing. Quím
                UAM, Unidad Iztapalapa, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería (México, DF, Mexico )
                1665-2738
                2013
                : 12
                : 3
                : 553-560
                Affiliations
                [01] Ciudad del Carmen Campeche orgnameUniversida Autónoma de Ciudad del Carmen México aruiz@ 123456pampano.unacar.mx
                Article
                S1665-27382013000300017 S1665-2738(13)01200300017
                e9f71dc3-7f5c-464d-8cc3-9b650f8500db

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 March 2013
                : 04 June 2013
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Environmental engineering

                consorcio bacterial,bioremediation,bioaumentación,biorremeadiación,atenuación natural,mangrove soil,bacterial consortium,natural attenuation,bioaugmentation,suelo de mangle

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