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      Tunable Release of Curcumin with an In Silico-Supported Approach from Mixtures of Highly Porous PLGA Microparticles

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          Abstract

          In recent years, drug delivery systems have become some of the main topics within the biomedical field. In this scenario, polymeric microparticles (MPs) are often used as carriers to improve drug stability and drug pharmacokinetics in agreement with this kind of treatment. To avoid a mere and time-consuming empirical approach for the optimization of the pharmacokinetics of an MP-based formulation, here, we propose a simple predictive in silico-supported approach. As an example, in this study, we report the ability to predict and tune the release of curcumin (CUR), used as a model drug, from a designed combination of different poly( d, l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) MPs kinds. In detail, all CUR–PLGA MPs were synthesized by double emulsion technique and their chemical–physical properties were characterized by Mastersizer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, for all the MPs, CUR encapsulation efficiency and kinetic release were investigated through the UV–vis spectroscopy. This approach, based on the combination of in silico and experimental methods, could be a promising platform in several biomedical applications such as vaccinations, cancer-treatment, diabetes therapy and so on.

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          PLGA: a unique polymer for drug delivery.

          Biodegradable polymers have played an important role in the delivery of drugs in a controlled and targeted manner. Polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) is one of the extensively researched synthetic biodegradable polymers due to its favorable properties. It is also known as a 'Smart Polymer' due to its stimuli sensitive behavior. A wide range of PLGA-based drug delivery systems have been reported for the treatment or diagnosis of various diseases and disorders. The present review provides an overview of the chemistry, physicochemical properties, biodegradation behavior, evaluation parameters and applications of PLGA in drug delivery. Different drug-polymer combinations developed into drug delivery or carrier systems are enumerated and discussed.
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            Mathematical models in drug delivery: how modeling has shaped the way we design new drug delivery systems.

            In this review we present some of the seminal contributions that have established the mathematical foundations of controlled drug delivery and led to the modern models. Mathematical modeling is no longer just a dry exercise in generating more and more complex models or a parametric fitting process, but rather an advanced analysis that can lead to a priori examination of a release/delivery process or a series of design equations that help the practitioner achieve a better formulation.
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              Customizing poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid) particles for biomedical applications

              Nano- and microparticles have increasingly widespread applications in nanomedicine, ranging from drug delivery to imaging. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles are the most widely-applied type of particles due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Here, we discuss the preparation of PLGA particles, and various modifications to tailor particles for applications in biological systems. We highlight new preparation approaches, including microfluidics and PRINT method, and modifications of PLGA particles resulting in novel or responsive properties, such as Janus or upconversion particles. Finally, we describe how the preparation methods can- and should-be adapted to tailor the properties of particles for the desired biomedical application. Our aim is to enable researchers who work with PLGA particles to better appreciate the effects of the selected preparation procedure on the final properties of the particles and its biological implications.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Materials (Basel)
                Materials (Basel)
                materials
                Materials
                MDPI
                1996-1944
                11 April 2020
                April 2020
                : 13
                : 8
                : 1807
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care (CABHC), IstitutoItaliano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy; Concetta.dinatale@ 123456iit.it (C.D.N.); Valentina.onesto@ 123456iit.it (V.O.); Elena.lagreca@ 123456unina.it (E.L.); paoloantonio.netti@ 123456unina.it (P.A.N.)
                [2 ]Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.leTecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
                [3 ]Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.leTecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
                Author notes
                [†]

                These authors contributed equally.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2308-4126
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8610
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8831-7891
                Article
                materials-13-01807
                10.3390/ma13081807
                7215757
                32290458
                eaef9ba3-5155-4e72-a151-20e8b2716a7d
                © 2020 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 05 March 2020
                : 09 April 2020
                Categories
                Article

                plgamps,drug delivery,curcumin,in silico,release model,first-order equation

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