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      Implementation and assessment of diverse strategies for physical activity promotion in Vietnam—A case report

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Background

          Regular physical activity (PA) has documented effects in prevention and treatment of many non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Physical inactivity is recognized as the fourth leading risk factor for premature death, worldwide. Despite these facts, physical inactivity is increasing, not only in high-income, but also in middle- and low-income countries. To address this negative trend, evidence-based methods to increase PA are needed. The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation and assessment of 4 strategies designed to increase PA in Vietnam.

          Methods

          Four strategies were used: i) introduction and evaluation of an education and training program on the Swedish method of Physical Activity on Prescription (PAP) among health care professionals, ii) translation of the PAP evidence-based handbook, Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease (called FYSS in Swedish) into Vietnamese, iii) launch of a mass-media campaign to promote PA, and iv) advocacy to support development of PA guidelines in Vietnam.

          Results

          The evaluation indicated that the participating health care professionals had a positive attitude to PAP. However, they also reported uncertainty in prescribing PA. FYSS was translated and disseminated successfully to health care professionals. A mass-media campaign identified the beneficial effects of PA to health care professionals, journalists, policy makers, and the public. Last, the process of developing national guidelines on PA was initiated.

          Conclusion

          This project led to enhanced awareness and appreciation of PA in the prevention and treatment of NCDs among health care professionals as well as initiation of national PA guidelines. Important lessons also were learned in the presentation of PAP, which will be considered when designing similar projects in the future.

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          Most cited references4

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          Changing the way people think about health-enhancing physical activity: do mass media campaigns have a role?

          Mass media campaigns are conducted to influence community norms around health behaviours, including physical activity. Campaigns can reach large populations at relatively low cost, to influence awareness, knowledge and beliefs through to intention and behaviour change. We reviewed 15 campaigns with an explicit focus on physical activity, and explored impacts upon a range of proximal and distal variables. Campaigns achieved high recall, with a median of 70% of the target group aware of the campaign. Increases in knowledge or attitudes to physical activity were found among half the campaigns that reported this measure. Few campaigns reported other proximal variables, such as saliency, beliefs, self-efficacy or behavioural intention. Increases in physical activity were reported among motivated sub-groups of volunteers, but few campaigns reported population increases in activity. Campaigns increase awareness of the issue of physical activity but may not have a population-level effect on behaviour. Campaigns should focus more on influencing proximal variables, such as social norms, to bring about long-term behaviour change. This should be seen as part of a broader strategy, including policy and environmental change. Evaluation designs that measure the full range of variables are preferred to an over-concentration on behaviour alone.
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            Self-reported adherence: a method for evaluating prescribed physical activity in primary health care patients.

            Physical activity on prescription, as a method for increasing physical activity, has attracted attention in recent years. However, few studies have examined adherence as a primary outcome variable. The aim of this article was to examine self-reported adherence to individualized prescribed physical activity in a routine primary health care setting. Patients receiving an individualized physical activity on prescription (FaR) for prevention or treatment of disease were recruited from 13 Swedish primary health care units. Self-reported adherence, physical activity level, readiness to change to a more physically active lifestyle, and well-being were measured with questions at baseline and after 6 months in 240 patients (mean age 51, range 12 to 80, 75% women). At the 6-month follow-up a majority (65%) of the patients reported adherence to the prescription. Partial adherence was reported by 19% and nonadherence by 16%. There was a relationship between adherence and well-being and stages of action or maintenance. The results demonstrate that adherence to physical activity on prescription is as good as adherence to other treatments for chronic diseases. This is significant because even a small increase in physical activity is important both on an individual level and for public health.
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              Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worlwide: na analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                J Sport Health Sci
                J Sport Health Sci
                Journal of Sport and Health Science
                Shanghai University of Sport
                2095-2546
                2213-2961
                29 November 2017
                January 2018
                29 November 2017
                : 7
                : 1
                : 42-49
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
                [b ]Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14183, Sweden
                [c ]National Geriatric Hospital, Hà Nội 100000, Vietnam
                [d ]Department of Ethics & Social Medicine, Hanoi Medical University, Hà Nội 100000, Vietnam
                [e ]Unit for Bioentrepreneurship, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
                Author notes
                Article
                S2095-2546(17)30150-3
                10.1016/j.jshs.2017.11.004
                6180528
                30356450
                eb2b988f-c13b-4af6-b767-0238af2f318a
                © 2018 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 30 December 2016
                : 14 June 2017
                : 30 September 2017
                Categories
                Special issue on Physical Activity and Public Health

                exercise prescription,guidelines and recommendations,health promotion,lower middle-income country,non-communicable diseases,physical activity

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