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      Dataset of host records for introduced parasitoid wasp species (Hymenoptera) in New Zealand

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      Author(s): 1 , 2 , , 3 , 1
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Biodiversity Data Journal
      Publisher: Pensoft Publishers

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          Abstract

          Background

          The introduction of species to new regions is occurring at an increasing rate. These introductions typically consist of species that are deliberately introduced for the purposes of biological control of pests or of species that are accidentally introduced through human-mediated transport networks.

          Understanding the potential and actual impacts of these introduced species requires comprehensive information on their geographic distributions and biological associations.

          However, apart from a few well-known case studies, such information is lacking for many introduced species which severely hinders further assessment of risks and impact.

          New information

          A dataset is provided on host associations, geographic distributions and dates of collection for both deliberately and accidentally-introduced parasitoid wasp species ( Hymenoptera ) in New Zealand. Information was obtained by digitising specimens from the New Zealand Arthropod Collection. Dates of records range from 1921 to 2017.

          The dataset includes 1265 specimen records, representing 127 parasitoid species from 12 families, with host records for 177 host species from 61 families and eight insect orders.

          These data provide baseline information to help evaluate the risk from introduced parasitoids to non-target and native species.

          Related collections

          Most cited references14

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          Global rise in emerging alien species results from increased accessibility of new source pools

          Hanno Seebens, Tim M. Blackburn, Ellie E. Dyer … (2018)
          Our ability to predict the identity of future invasive alien species is largely based upon knowledge of prior invasion history. Emerging alien species—those never before encountered as aliens—therefore pose a significant challenge to biosecurity interventions worldwide. Using a global database of the first regional records of alien species covering the years 1500–2005 we detected a surprisingly high proportion of species in recent records that have never been recorded as alien before. The high proportion of these emerging alien species mainly resulted from the increased accessibility of new source species pools in the native range. Risk assessment approaches that rely less on invasion history will need to be prioritized. Our ability to predict the identity of future invasive alien species is largely based upon knowledge of prior invasion history. Emerging alien species—those never encountered as aliens before—therefore pose a significant challenge to biosecurity interventions worldwide. Understanding their temporal trends, origins, and the drivers of their spread is pivotal to improving prevention and risk assessment tools. Here, we use a database of 45,984 first records of 16,019 established alien species to investigate the temporal dynamics of occurrences of emerging alien species worldwide. Even after many centuries of invasions the rate of emergence of new alien species is still high: One-quarter of first records during 2000–2005 were of species that had not been previously recorded anywhere as alien, though with large variation across taxa. Model results show that the high proportion of emerging alien species cannot be solely explained by increases in well-known drivers such as the amount of imported commodities from historically important source regions. Instead, these dynamics reflect the incorporation of new regions into the pool of potential alien species, likely as a consequence of expanding trade networks and environmental change. This process compensates for the depletion of the historically important source species pool through successive invasions. We estimate that 1–16% of all species on Earth, depending on the taxonomic group, qualify as potential alien species. These results suggest that there remains a high proportion of emerging alien species we have yet to encounter, with future impacts that are difficult to predict.
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            Molecular analysis of parasitoid linkages (MAPL): gut contents of adult parasitoid wasps reveal larval host.

            Rodolphe Rougerie, M. Alex Smith, Jose Fernandez-Triana … (2011)
            Metamorphosing insects often have complex and poorly known life histories. In particular, what they feed on during their larval stages remains unknown for the vast majority of species, and its documentation only results from difficult and time-intensive field observations, rearing or dissections. Through the application of a DNA analysis of gut contents in adult parasitoid wasps, we were able to selectively sequence a diagnostic DNA marker that permitted the identification of the host used by these wasps during their larval stages. By reproducing these results in species with different life histories, we excluded other potential sources of host DNA, confirming that after ingestion by the parasitoid larva the host DNA can persist through metamorphosis in the abdominal contents of the adult wasp. Our discovery considerably extends the applicability of molecular analysis of gut contents by enabling the documentation of food used by insects during their larval stages and thus increasing the accuracy and precision of food web studies. The 24% success rate of our approach is surprisingly high considering the challenging context for host DNA preservation, and we discuss the factors possibly affecting this rate. We propose molecular analysis of parasitoid linkages (MAPL) as a new method to document host-parasitoid associations at a faster pace and with unrivalled precision. Because of the key regulatory role of parasitoid wasps in ecosystems, which makes them the most commonly used biological control agents, MAPL will have immediate applications in both basic and applied biological sciences. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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              TEASIng apart alien species risk assessments: a framework for best practices.

              Franz Essl, Nuria Pascual, Jaakko Heikkilä … (2012)
              Some alien species cause substantial impacts, yet most are innocuous. Given limited resources, forecasting risks from alien species will help prioritise management. Given that risk assessment (RA) approaches vary widely, a synthesis is timely to highlight best practices. We reviewed quantitative and scoring RAs, integrating > 300 publications into arguably the most rigorous quantitative RA framework currently existing, and mapping each study onto our framework, which combines Transport, Establishment, Abundance, Spread and Impact (TEASI). Quantitative models generally measured single risk components (78% of studies), often focusing on Establishment alone (79%). Although dominant in academia, quantitative RAs are underused in policy, and should be made more accessible. Accommodating heterogeneous limited data, combining across risk components, and developing generalised RAs across species, space and time without requiring new models for each species may increase attractiveness for policy applications. Comparatively, scoring approaches covered more risk components (50% examined > 3 components), with Impact being the most common component (87%), and have been widely applied in policy (> 57%), but primarily employed expert opinion. Our framework provides guidance for questions asked, combining scores and other improvements. Our risk framework need not be completely parameterised to be informative, but instead identifies opportunities for improvement in alien species RA. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Darren Ward:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4509-8553
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biodivers Data J
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biodivers Data J
                Journal ID (publisher-id): 1
                Journal ID (index): urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:F9B2E808-C883-5F47-B276-6D62129E4FF4
                Journal ID (aggregator): urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:245B00E9-BFE5-4B4F-B76E-15C30BA74C02
                Title: Biodiversity Data Journal
                Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
                ISSN (Print): 1314-2836
                ISSN (Electronic): 1314-2828
                Publication date Collection: 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 November 2020
                Volume: 8
                Electronic Location Identifier: e59472
                Affiliations
                [1 ] New Zealand Arthropod Collection (NZAC) - Landcare Research, Auckland, New Zealand New Zealand Arthropod Collection (NZAC) - Landcare Research Auckland New Zealand
                [2 ] School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
                [3 ] Landcare Research, Auckland, New Zealand Landcare Research Auckland New Zealand
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Darren Ward ( wardda@ 123456landcareresearch.co.nz ).

                Academic editor: Jose Fernandez-Triana

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4509-8553
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3735-530X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8083-3111
                Article
                Publisher ID: 59472 Publisher-manuscript ID: 14443
                DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.8.e59472
                PMC ID: 7723879
                PubMed ID: 33304122
                SO-VID: eb4f53f1-a2cb-411d-85fa-2dbe7e4c854b
                Copyright © Darren Ward, Talia Brav-Cubitt, Sarah Tassell
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 09 October 2020
                Date accepted : 12 November 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 1, References: 14
                Funding
                Funding was received for project A17.3 'Informing Future Decisions for BCA Introductions' (Better Border Biosecurity) from the Ministry for Business, Innovation, and Employment to Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research within the Biota Portfolio.
                Categories
                Subject: Data Paper (Biosciences)
                Subject: Arthropoda
                Subject: Diseases & Pests
                Subject: Ecological risk assessment
                Subject: Biodiversity & Conservation
                Subject: New Zealand

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