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      Prevalence of Retinal Vein Occlusion in Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

      meta-analysis

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          Abstract

          Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and incidence of retinal vein occlusions (RVO) in Europe. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and incidence of RVO in Europe according to the Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines was performed in the databases PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. Based on Eurostat data, the total number of affected individuals in the EU was calculated and projected to the year 2050. Results: The random-effects pooled prevalence of RVO in Europe was 0.7% (95% CI: 0.5–0.9%) in persons aged 55 years and older based on the examination of 25,002 individuals from 4 prevalence studies. No European incidence studies were identified. The total number of affected individuals in the EU was estimated to rise by almost 20% from 900,000 today to 1.1 million in 2050. Conclusion: Published articles on the prevalence and incidence of RVO in Europe are limited. With the expected increase in affected persons, further epidemiological research is warranted for adequate healthcare planning.

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          Natural history of branch retinal vein occlusion: an evidence-based systematic review.

          Sophie L. Rogers, Rachel McIntosh, Lyndell Lim … (2010)
          To describe the natural history of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) based on the best available evidence from the literature. Branch retinal vein occlusion is the second most frequent major retinal vascular disease. Although several new treatments for BRVO are currently being introduced, data on its natural history are sparse. English language articles were retrieved using a keyword search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Current Contents, and the Cochrane Library to November 13, 2008, supplemented by manually searching the references of review articles published within the last 5 years. All relevant observational studies evaluating the natural history of BRVO and all clinical trials evaluating BRVO interventions with an untreated control arm were independently identified by 2 investigators. Of a total of 5965 citations retrieved, 24 eligible studies were identified and reviewed, providing 1608 eyes with BRVO with data on natural history. Visual acuity (VA) was moderately poor at baseline (<20/40). Although VA generally improved, with mean improvement ranging from 1 letter at 6 weeks to 28 letters up to 24 months, few studies reported improvement beyond 20/40. Over a 1-year period, 5% to 15% of eyes developed macular edema (ME), but of those with ME at baseline, 18% to 41% resolved. At baseline, 5% to 6% of eyes had bilateral BRVO, with 10% developing fellow eye involvement over time. There were few high-quality studies on other outcomes, including development of new vessels. Visual acuity generally improved in eyes with BRVO without intervention, although clinically significant improvement beyond 20/40 was uncommon. Copyright 2010 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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            The epidemiology of retinal vein occlusion: the Beaver Dam Eye Study.

            Barbara Klein, S Meuer, S Moss … (1999)
            To describe the prevalence and the 5-year incidence of retinal central and branch vein occlusion and associated risk factors. The Beaver Dam Eye Study (n = 4,926) is a population-based study in which retinal vein occlusions were detected at baseline (1988-1990) and at a 5-year follow-up examination (1993-1995) by grading of 30 degrees color fundus photographs. The prevalence and 5-year incidence of retinal branch vein occlusion were each 0.6%. The prevalence of retinal central vein occlusion was 0.1%, and the 5-year incidence was 0.2%. While adjusting for age, the prevalence of branch vein occlusion was associated with hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 5.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.18, 13.47), diabetes mellitus (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.04, 5.70), pulse pressure (OR 1.24 for 10 mm Hg, 95% CI 1.03, 1.48), ocular perfusion pressure (OR 2.09 for 10 mm Hg, 95% CI 1.45, 3.01), arteriovenous nicking (OR 16.75, 95% CI 7.33, 38.24), and focal arteriolar narrowing (OR 22.86, 95% CI 8.43, 62.03). The age-adjusted incidence of retinal branch vein occlusion was associated with current smoking (OR 4.43 95%, CI 1.53, 12.84) compared with nonsmokers and to focal arteriolar narrowing (OR 5.24, 95% CI 1.97, 13.94) at baseline. While controlling for age, the incidence of branch vein occlusion was not associated with serum lipid levels, body mass index, white blood cell count, alcohol consumption, aspirin use, glaucoma, intraocular pressure, or ocular hypertension. Retinal vein occlusion is infrequent in the population. These data suggest a strong association between retinal branch vein occlusion and retinal arteriolar changes. Data from larger populations are needed to further assess associations between risk factors and the incidence of retinal vein occlusions.
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              Natural history of central retinal vein occlusion: an evidence-based systematic review.

              Rachel McIntosh, Sophie L. Rogers, Lyndell Lim … (2010)
              To describe the natural history of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) based on the best available evidence from the literature. Central retinal vein occlusion is a common sight-threatening retinal vascular disease. Despite the introduction of new interventions, the natural history of CRVO is unclear. Systemic review of all English language articles retrieved using a keyword search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Current Contents, and the Cochrane Library to November 13, 2008. This was supplemented by hand-searching references of review articles published within the last 5 years. Two investigators independently identified all relevant observational studies evaluating the natural history of RVO and all clinical trials evaluating interventions for CRVO; an untreated control arm was included. Of 5966 citations retrieved, 53 studies were reviewed, providing 3271 eyes with CRVO for analysis of its natural history. Visual acuity (VA) was generally poor at baseline (<20/40) and decreased further over time. Although 6 studies reported an improvement in VA, none of these improvements resulted in VA better than 20/40. Up to 34% of eyes with nonischemic CRVO converted to ischemic CRVO over a 3-year period. In ischemic CRVO cases, neovascular glaucoma developed in at least 23% of eyes within 15 months. In nonischemic CRVO cases, macular edema resolved in approximately 30% of eyes over time, and subsequent neovascular glaucoma was rare. Untreated eyes with CRVO generally had poor VA, which declined further over time. One quarter of eyes with nonischemic CRVO converted to ischemic CRVO. Copyright 2010 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): OPH
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Ophthalmologica
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.0030-3755
                Title: Ophthalmologica
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN (Print): 0030-3755
                ISSN (Electronic): 1423-0267
                Publication date Subscription-year: 2019
                Publication date (Print): April 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 05 December 2018
                Volume: 241
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 183-189
                Affiliations
                [_a] aDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
                [_b] bDepartment of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
                Author notes
                *Robert P. Finger, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, DE–53127 Bonn (Germany), E-Mail Robert.Finger@ukbonn.de
                Article
                Publisher ID: 494224 Other ID: Ophthalmologica 2019;241:183–189
                DOI: 10.1159/000494224
                PubMed ID: 30517942
                SO-VID: eb54aae0-6b22-4212-b3f2-eab323ac85f2
                Copyright © © 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel
                License:

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Date received : 01 September 2018
                Date accepted : 02 October 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 3, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Vision sciences,Ophthalmology & Optometry,Pathology
                Keywords: Retinal vein occlusion,Epidemiology,Prevalence,Incidence
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Vision sciences, Ophthalmology & Optometry, Pathology
                Keywords: Retinal vein occlusion, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Incidence

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