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      Optimized Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) using Calcium Oxide (CaO) Nano-catalyst

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          Abstract

          Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil (WCO) provides an alternative energy means of producing liquid fuels from biomass for various uses. Biodiesel production by recycling WCO and methanol in the presence of calcium oxide (CaO) nano-catalyst offers several benefits such as economic, environmental and waste management. A nano-catalyst of CaO was synthesized by thermal-decomposition method and calcinated at 500 °C followed by characterization using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. The XRD results revealed nano-scale crystal sizes at high purity, with a mean particle size of ~29 nm. The SEM images exhibited morphology of irregular shapes and porous structure of the synthesized nanocatalysts. The highest conversion of WCO to biodiesel was estimated to be 96%, at optimized experimental conditions i.e., 50 °C, 1:8 WCO oil to methanol ratio, 1% by weight of catalyst loading rate and 90 minutes reaction time, which is among few highest conversions reported so far. Biodiesel properties were tested according to the American (ASTM D6571) fuel standards. All reactions are carried-out under atmospheric pressure and 1500 rpm of agitation.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                tadios.tesfaye@aau.edu.et
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                12 December 2019
                12 December 2019
                2019
                : 9
                : 18982
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 1250 5688, GRID grid.7123.7, Center for Environmental Science, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, , Addis Ababa University, ; P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                [2 ]Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Ethiopia), P. O. Box 2490, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                [3 ]Ministry of Mine and Petroleum (Ethiopia), P. O. Box 486, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
                Article
                55403
                10.1038/s41598-019-55403-4
                6908722
                31831823
                eb5d0f12-36ac-484d-92c6-3b281d7dacc3
                © The Author(s) 2019

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 5 June 2019
                : 12 September 2019
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                © The Author(s) 2019

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                environmental impact,environmental chemistry
                Uncategorized
                environmental impact, environmental chemistry

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