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      Blockchain and IoT Integration: A Systematic Survey

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          Abstract

          The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the interconnection of smart devices to collect data and make intelligent decisions. However, a lack of intrinsic security measures makes IoT vulnerable to privacy and security threats. With its “security by design,” Blockchain (BC) can help in addressing major security requirements in IoT. BC capabilities like immutability, transparency, auditability, data encryption and operational resilience can help solve most architectural shortcomings of IoT. This article presents a comprehensive survey on BC and IoT integration. The objective of this paper is to analyze the current research trends on the usage of BC-related approaches and technologies in an IoT context. This paper presents the following novelties, with respect to related work: (i) it covers different application domains, organizing the available literature according to this categorization, (ii) it introduces two usage patterns, i.e., device manipulation and data management (open marketplace solution), and (iii) it reports on the development level of some of the presented solutions. We also analyze the main challenges faced by the research community in the smooth integration of BC and IoT, and point out the main open issues and future research directions. Last but not least, we also present a survey about novel uses of BC in the machine economy.

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          Industry 4.0

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            Blockchains and Smart Contracts for the Internet of Things

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              On blockchain and its integration with IoT. Challenges and opportunities

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Sensors (Basel)
                Sensors (Basel)
                sensors
                Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                MDPI
                1424-8220
                06 August 2018
                August 2018
                : 18
                : 8
                : 2575
                Affiliations
                Department of Engineering, Universita’ degli Studi di Messina, Contrada di Dio, S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; ntapas@ 123456unime.it (N.T.); gmerlino@ 123456unime.it (G.M.); flongo@ 123456unime.it (F.L.); apuliafito@ 123456unime.it (A.P.)
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: apanarello@ 123456unime.it ; Tel.: +39-340-388-5905
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7312-6163
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7860-8572
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1469-7860
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6299-140X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0385-2711
                Article
                sensors-18-02575
                10.3390/s18082575
                6111515
                30082633
                ebab3c02-a8be-4b6d-b13d-743c07519a66
                © 2018 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 26 June 2018
                : 02 August 2018
                Categories
                Review

                Biomedical engineering
                internet of things,iot,blockchain,survey,machine economy
                Biomedical engineering
                internet of things, iot, blockchain, survey, machine economy

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