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      Down-regulation of DANCR acts as a potential biomarker for papillary thyroid cancer diagnosis

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          Abstract

          Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be dysregulated and play a crucial role in the progression of cancer. LncRNA DANCR has recently been revealed to be involved in tumorigenesis of numerous types of cancer, including osteosarcoma, gastric cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer. However, the expression profiles and biological relevance of DANCR in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) have not yet been reported. In the present study, the expression level of DANCR in PTC tissues and adjacent normal tissues was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR in PTC patients, and then we analyzed the association with clinical pathological characteristics of patients and DANCR expressions. These results demonstrated that the expression of DANCR was notably decreased in tumor tissues in comparison with adjacent normal tissues ( P<0.001). Furthermore, the present study found that DANCR expression level was correlated to T grade ( P<0.01) and TNM stage ( P=0.017). The present study demonstrated that DANCR was associated with PTC aggressive clinical features and may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for detecting PTC patients.

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          BRAF mutation predicts a poorer clinical prognosis for papillary thyroid cancer.

          Mingzhao Xing, William H Westra, Ralph P. Tufano … (2005)
          Use of BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has the potential to improve risk stratification of this cancer. The objective of the study was to investigate the prognostic value of BRAF mutation in patients with PTC. In a multicenter study of 219 PTC patients, data on their clinicopathological characteristics and clinical courses between 1990 and 2004 were retrospectively collected, and their tumor BRAF mutation status was determined. Associations of BRAF mutation with initial tumor characteristics and subsequent recurrence were analyzed. Relationships between the BRAF mutation status and clinicopathological outcomes, including recurrence, were measured. We found a significant association between BRAF mutation and extrathyroidal invasion (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), and advanced tumor stage III/IV (P = 0.007) at initial surgery. This association remained significant on multivariate analysis, adjusting for conventional clinicopathological predictors of recurrence excluding the histological PTC subtype, but was lost when the tumor subtype was included in the model. BRAF mutation was also significantly associated with tumor recurrence, 25 vs. 9% with and without mutation, respectively (P = 0.004), during a median of 15 (interquartile range, 3-29) months of follow-up. This association remained significant on multivariate analysis adjusting for conventional clinicopathological predictors of recurrence, even including the PTC subtype (odds ratio, 4.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-14.1; P = 0.03). BRAF mutation was even an independent predictor of recurrence in patients with stage I/II disease, 22 vs. 5% with and without BRAF mutation, respectively (P = 0.002). BRAF mutation was also more frequently associated with absence of tumor I-131 avidity and treatment failure of recurrent disease. In patients with PTC, BRAF mutation is associated with poorer clinicopathological outcomes and independently predicts recurrence. Therefore, BRAF mutation may be a useful molecular marker to assist in risk stratification for patients with PTC.
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            Suppression of progenitor differentiation requires the long noncoding RNA ANCR.

            Markus Kretz, Dan Webster, Ross Flockhart … (2012)
            Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate diverse processes, yet a potential role for lncRNAs in maintaining the undifferentiated state in somatic tissue progenitor cells remains uncharacterized. We used transcriptome sequencing and tiling arrays to compare lncRNA expression in epidermal progenitor populations versus differentiating cells. We identified ANCR (anti-differentiation ncRNA) as an 855-base-pair lncRNA down-regulated during differentiation. Depleting ANCR in progenitor-containing populations, without any other stimuli, led to rapid differentiation gene induction. In epidermis, ANCR loss abolished the normal exclusion of differentiation from the progenitor-containing compartment. The ANCR lncRNA is thus required to enforce the undifferentiated cell state within epidermis.
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              Thyroid cancer epidemiology and prognostic variables.

              J.A. Sipos, E.L. Mazzaferri (2010)
              Thyroid cancer comprises a broad spectrum of diseases with variable prognoses. Although most patients with this disease have excellent overall survival, there are some who do not fare so well. With the worldwide increase in incidence, the need to identify which tumours pose the greatest risk to patients is more acute than ever. This paper will discuss this rising trend in incidence with an analysis of the possible reasons for the increase. In addition, the paper will explore the factors that portend a worse prognosis for the individual patient. Finally, the limitations of the current staging systems will be discussed, with particular emphasis on why they are not as informative in the management of patients with thyroid cancer. Copyright (c) 2010 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biosci Rep
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biosci. Rep
                Journal ID (hwp): ppbioscirep
                Journal ID (publisher-id): BSR
                Title: Bioscience Reports
                Publisher: Portland Press Ltd.
                ISSN (Print): 0144-8463
                ISSN (Electronic): 1573-4935
                Publication date (Electronic preprint): 25 March 2019
                Publication date Collection: 30 April 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 17 April 2019
                Volume: 39
                Issue: 4
                Electronic Location Identifier: BSR20181616
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xinagya Road, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
                [2 ]Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics,110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
                [3 ]Engineering Research Central of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China
                [4 ]National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
                [5 ]Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, P.R. China
                [6 ]Department of Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, P.R. China
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Zhi Li ( lizhi48901@ 123456163.com )
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-9560
                Article
                DOI: 10.1042/BSR20181616
                PMC ID: 6470405
                PubMed ID: 30910839
                SO-VID: ebffd588-18b3-4a4e-8bed-bc722060ccc7
                Copyright © © 2019 The Author(s).
                License:

                This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).

                History
                Date received : 13 September 2018
                Date revision received : 20 March 2019
                Date accepted : 22 March 2019
                Page count
                Pages: 8
                Categories
                Subject: Research Articles
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: 42
                Subject: 39

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences
                Keywords: dancr,diagnosis,large intervening non-coding rna,thyroid cancer
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences
                Keywords: dancr, diagnosis, large intervening non-coding rna, thyroid cancer

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