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      Marvel and DC Characters Inspired by Arachnids

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          Abstract

          This article compares arachnid-based Marvel and DC comics characters. The composition of a comic book character often has interesting ‘real-life’ influences. Given the strong connection between arachnids (especially spiders, scorpions and mites, all belonging to the zoological class Arachnida) and human beings it is not surprising that they have inspired many fictional characters.

          We recorded 84 Marvel Comics characters and 40 DC Comics characters, detailed in the dataset that accompanies the article ( Da-Silva 2014). Most characters have been created recently, since the 1990s. Marvel has significantly more arachnid characters than DC. As for taxonomic classification, the characters were based mostly on spiders (zoological order Araneae). Of the total characters, the majority are human beings, but an overwhelming number have at least some typical arachnid features. Villains (60.91% of total) are significantly more numerous, considering the sum of the two publishers. Arachnids have bad reputation for being dangerous ( Thorp and Woodson 1976; Ruppert and Barnes 1996). Since the public usually considers spiders, scorpions and mites “harmful” in general, we expected a larger contingent of villains. However, there was no statistical difference between the amount of villains and heroes in Marvel characters. It did not happen probably due to the success of one character: the Amazing Spider-Man.

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          Invertebrates

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            A new hero emerges: another exceptional mammalian spine and its potential adaptive significance.

            The hero shrew's (Scutisorex somereni) massive interlocking lumbar vertebrae represent the most extreme modification of the vertebral column known in mammals. No intermediate form of this remarkable morphology is known, nor is there any convincing theory to explain its functional significance. We document a new species in the heretofore monotypic genus Scutisorex; the new species possesses cranial and vertebral features representing intermediate character states between S. somereni and other shrews. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences support a sister relationship between the new species and S. somereni. While the function of the unusual spine in Scutisorex is unknown, it gives these small animals incredible vertebral strength. Based on field observations, we hypothesize that the unique vertebral column is an adaptation allowing these shrews to lever heavy or compressive objects to access concentrated food resources inaccessible to other animals.
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              The public perception of animal diversity: what do postage stamps tell us?

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                2048-0792
                The Comics Grid: Journal of comics scholarship
                Ubiquity Press
                2048-0792
                23 December 2014
                : 4
                : 1
                : 11
                Affiliations
                [-1]Department of Zoology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
                [-2]Departament of Zoology, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
                [-3]Department of Entomology, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
                [-4]Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark (Zoological Museum), University of Copenhagen – Copenhagen, Denmark
                [-5]Sistema Elite de Ensino, Unidade NorteShopping – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
                Article
                10.5334/cg.aw
                ec2da5c1-96fd-44df-b9f9-6bbe47e6b2ba
                Copyright: © 2014 The Author(s)

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/.

                History
                Categories
                Research

                Literary studies
                Zoology,superheroes,spiders,comics,entertainment,pop culture,Arachnida,Arthropoda
                Literary studies
                Zoology, superheroes, spiders, comics, entertainment, pop culture, Arachnida, Arthropoda

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