SARS-CoV-2 Antibody response after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in healthcare workers: nine-month of follow-up

Abstract

We collected sequential serum samples (0, 4, 12 weeks, 9 months) for the determination of S-RDB IgG levels from 103 vaccinated healthy subjects (age 45±13 years; 60 women), in order to evaluate neutralizing antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy healthcare workers (HCWs) after the administration of two doses of BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. Every subject received two doses of mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech), 21 days apart (January-February 2021). Furthermore, antibody titer of 14 subjects who were hospitalized for symptomatic COVID-19 was evaluated. Antibody response was (median, interquartile range) 35 U/mL (10-104) at baseline, 1960 (1241-3221) at 4 weeks, 791 (388-1179) at 12 weeks and 524 (273-931) at 6 months. Antibody response was inversely correlated with age at all timepoints (p<0.001) while gender and Body Mass Index had no significant effect. At multivariate analysis, post-baseline values were significantly higher than baseline (p<0.001) with a reduction at 12 weeks and 9 months (p<0.001). Antibody response of hospitalized subjects who did not receive vaccination, symptomatic for COVID 19 infection, was 103 (25-557) U/mL, significantly higher than baseline (p=0.007) of study population but lower than all post-baseline determinations (p<0.001). Younger subjects showed a stronger response and a lower decrease of antibody titers compared to the classes of older subjects. SARS-CoV2 infection was excluded by performing 1017 nasopharyngeal RT-PCR swabs on the study cohort. The second dose of mRNA vaccine resulted in an antibody response effective in preventing infection in a population of healthcare professionals. The antibody level was stable through week 12, showing a reduction in the following six months.