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      Exploring AyuGenomics approach for understanding COVID-19 predisposition and progression

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          Abstract

          Recent reports on COVID-19 suggest, the susceptibility to COVID-19 and its progression have a genetic predisposition. Majorly associated genetic variants are found in human leukocyte antigen ( HLA), angiotensin convertase enzyme ( ACE; rs1799752: ACE2; rs73635825 ), transmembrane protease serine 2 ( TMPRSS-2; rs12329760 ) genes. Identifying highly prone population having these variants is imperative for determining COVID-19 therapeutic strategy. Ayurveda (Indian traditional system of medicine) concept of Prakriti holds potential to predict genomic and phenotypic variations. Reported work on Prakriti correlates HLA-DR alleles with three broad phenotypes ( Tridosha) described in Ayurveda (AyuGenomics). This is suggestive of differences in immune responses in individuals with specific constitutions. Therefore, the reported studies provide clues for clinically relevant hypotheses to be tested in systematic studies. The proposed approach of Ayurveda based phenotype screening may offer a way ahead to design customized strategies for management of COVID-19 based on differences in Prakriti, immune response and drug response. However, this needs clinical evaluation of the relation between Prakriti and genetic or phenotypic variants in COVID-19 prone and resistant populations.

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          SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor

          Markus Hoffmann, Hannah Kleine-Weber, Simon Schroeder … (2020)
          Summary The recent emergence of the novel, pathogenic SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China and its rapid national and international spread pose a global health emergency. Cell entry of coronaviruses depends on binding of the viral spike (S) proteins to cellular receptors and on S protein priming by host cell proteases. Unravelling which cellular factors are used by SARS-CoV-2 for entry might provide insights into viral transmission and reveal therapeutic targets. Here, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 uses the SARS-CoV receptor ACE2 for entry and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming. A TMPRSS2 inhibitor approved for clinical use blocked entry and might constitute a treatment option. Finally, we show that the sera from convalescent SARS patients cross-neutralized SARS-2-S-driven entry. Our results reveal important commonalities between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection and identify a potential target for antiviral intervention.
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            Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area

            Safiya Richardson, Jamie Hirsch, Mangala Narasimhan … (2020)
            There is limited information describing the presenting characteristics and outcomes of US patients requiring hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
            Article 0 comments Cited 4635 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China

              Chaomin Wu, Xiaoyan Chen, Yanping Cai … (2020)
              Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first reported in Wuhan, China, and has subsequently spread worldwide. Risk factors for the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 pneumonia have not yet been well delineated.
              Article 0 comments Cited 3634 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Ayurveda Integr Med
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Ayurveda Integr Med
                Title: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
                Publisher: The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Institute of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology and World Ayurveda Foundation
                ISSN (Print): 0975-9476
                ISSN (Electronic): 0976-2809
                Publication date PMC-release: 17 June 2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 17 June 2021
                Affiliations
                [a ]AYUSH - Center of Excellence, Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, SavitribaiPhule Pune University, Pune - 411 007
                [b ]Department of Biotechnology, Sinhgad College of Engineering, SPPU, Pune 411041
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author
                [1]

                Authors have equal contribution.

                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S0975-9476(21)00111-X
                DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.06.003
                PMC ID: 8221020
                PubMed ID: 34177193
                SO-VID: eca09daf-4b16-4431-bb89-140b0c46bfb1
                Copyright © © 2021 The Authors
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                Date received : 6 March 2021
                Date revision received : 24 April 2021
                Date accepted : 4 June 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Complementary & Alternative medicine
                Keywords: ayugenomics,ayurveda,genomics,personalized medicine,integrative medicine,sars-cov-2
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Complementary & Alternative medicine
                Keywords: ayugenomics, ayurveda, genomics, personalized medicine, integrative medicine, sars-cov-2

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