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      Obstrucción congénita de la unión ureteropiélica. Estudio de casos en un centro de segundo nivel Translated title: Congenital obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction. Case study in a second level center

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la incidencia, características clínicas, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la obstrucción congénita de la unión ureteropiélica (OCUUP) en pacientes pediátricos en el Hospital Infantil de Morelia. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo y transversal en población pediátrica con el diagnóstico de OCUUP atendidos en el servicio de urología de un centro médico de segundo nivel atención durante el periodo enero 2018 a diciembre 2021. Resultados: En este estudio se revisaron 53 pacientes con hidronefrosis prenatal que fueron objeto de seguimiento postnatal, de los cuales solo 6 pacientes captados de manera prenatal recibieron el diagnóstico de obstrucción congénita de la unión ureteropiélica (OCUUP). Se incluyeron siete pacientes con diagnóstico postnatal de hidronefrosis y posteriormente de OCUUP, lo que dio lugar a una muestra total de trece pacientes diagnosticados. La incidencia de OCUUP fue de 3.4 pacientes por cada 100 primeras visitas al Servicio de Urología Pediátrica. El 92.31% de los casos fueron varones, siendo las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes las infecciones cutáneas y el dolor localizado. En todos los casos se realizó cirugía, siendo la pieloplastia de Anderson-Hynes el procedimiento más frecuente. Las complicaciones incluyeron infecciones del tracto urinario, infección de la herida y fístula, pero la mayoría de los pacientes tuvieron resultados satisfactorios con reducción de la hidronefrosis tras la cirugía. Hallazgos o conclusiones: Se encontró una baja tasa de detección temprana de OCUUP en pacientes con seguimiento de hidronefrosis prenatal. Se recomienda una búsqueda intencionada de alteraciones urológicas en ecografías estructurales de control prenatal. Se destaca la importancia de un diagnóstico preciso y tratamiento oportuno de la OCUUP para prevenir complicaciones renales.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: To evaluate the incidence, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction in pediatric patients (CUPBO) at the Hospital Infantil de Morelia. Material and methods: This was a retrospective, observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study of pediatric patients diagnosed with CUPBO and treated in the urology service of a second-level care medical center from January 2018 to December 2021. Results: We reviewed 53 patients with prenatal hydronephrosis who underwent postnatal follow-up, of whom only 6 patients diagnosed with congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction (CUPBO) were identified prenatally. Seven patients were diagnosed with hydronephrosis postnatally and subsequently diagnosed with CUPBO, resulting in a total sample of 13 diagnosed patients. The incidence of CUPBO was 3.4 patients per 100 first visits to the Pediatric Urology Service. Of the cases, 92.31% were male, and the most frequent clinical manifestations were skin infections and localized pain. Surgery was performed in all cases, with Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty being the most frequent procedure. Complications included urinary tract infections, wound infections, and fistula, but most patients had satisfactory results with a reduction of hydronephrosis after surgery. Findings or conclusions: Our study found a low rate of early detection of CUPBO in patients with prenatal hydronephrosis follow-up. We recommend an intentional search for urologic alterations in structural ultrasound scans of prenatal control. We emphasize the importance of an accurate diagnosis and timely treatment of CUPBO to prevent renal complications.

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          Most cited references20

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          The Society for Fetal Urology consensus statement on the evaluation and management of antenatal hydronephrosis.

          The evaluation and management of fetuses/children with antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) poses a significant dilemma for the practitioner. Which patients require evaluation, intervention or observation? Though the literature is quite extensive, it is plagued with bias and conflicting data, creating much confusion as to the optimal care of patients with ANH. In this article, we summarized the literature and proposed recommendations for the evaluation and management of ANH. Copyright (c) 2010 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Multidisciplinary consensus on the classification of prenatal and postnatal urinary tract dilation (UTD classification system).

            Urinary tract (UT) dilation is sonographically identified in 1-2% of fetuses and reflects a spectrum of possible uropathies. There is significant variability in the clinical management of individuals with prenatal UT dilation that stems from a paucity of evidence-based information correlating the severity of prenatal UT dilation to postnatal urological pathologies. The lack of correlation between prenatal and postnatal US findings and final urologic diagnosis has been problematic, in large measure because of a lack of consensus and uniformity in defining and classifying UT dilation. Consequently, there is a need for a unified classification system with an accepted standard terminology for the diagnosis and management of prenatal and postnatal UT dilation.
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              Hydronephrosis in the course of ureteropelvic junction obstruction: An underestimated problem? Current opinions on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment.

              Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) causes a reduction in the urine flow from the renal pelvis into the ureter. Untreated UPJO may cause hydronephrosis, chronic infection or urolithiasis and will often result in progressive deterioration of renal function. Most cases of UPJO are congenital; however, the disease can be clinically silent until adulthood. Other causes, both intrinsic and extrinsic, are acquired and include urolithiasis, post-operative/inflammatory/ischemic stricture, fibroepithelial polyps, adhesions and malignancy. In the past, the most frequent symptom of UPJO in neonates and infants was a palpable flank mass. Nowadays, thanks to the widespread use of maternal and prenatal ultrasound examinations, asymptomatic hydronephrosis is diagnosed very early. In adults and older children symptoms may include intermittent abdominal or flank pain, nausea, vomiting and hematuria. In addition to high specificity and sensitivity in detecting UPJO, modern technologically advanced equipment such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography provides a lot of information about the function of the affected kidney and the anatomy of the surrounding tissues. Treatment options for UPJO include a wide spectrum of approaches, from active surveillance or minimally invasive endourologic techniques to open, laparoscopic or robotic pyeloplasty. The main goal of therapy is to relieve symptoms and maintain or improve renal function, but it is difficult to define treatment success after UPJO therapy.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmu
                Revista mexicana de urología
                Rev. mex. urol.
                Sociedad Mexicana de Urología (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                0185-4542
                2007-4085
                April 2023
                : 83
                : 2
                : e01
                Affiliations
                [2] Estado de México orgnameCentro Médico “Lic. Adolfo Lopez Mateos” México
                [1] Morelia Michoacán de Ocampo orgnameHospital Infantil de Morelia “Eva Samano de López Mateos” México
                Article
                S2007-40852023000200001 S2007-4085(23)08300200001
                10.48193/revistamexicanadeurologa.v83i2.986
                ecb02b10-b7be-40ca-ac41-e793f3183ace

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 March 2023
                : 24 November 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 20, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                pediatría,Pediatrics,Management,Obstrucción congénita de la unión ureteropiélica,Andenson-Hynes,manejo,Congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction

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