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      Percepción de soledad, felicidad y salud, y calidad de la dieta. El rol moderador del estado ponderal Translated title: Perception of loneliness, happiness, and health, and quality of diet. The moderator role of weight status

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: determinar la relación existente entre la percepción de soledad, felicidad y salud, y la calidad de la dieta, observando el rol moderador del estado ponderal en escolares de primaria durante el estado de alarma decretado por la COVID-19. Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal de una muestra de 116 escolares españoles. Las percepciones de soledad, felicidad y salud se valoraron mediante tres ítems del cuestionario Health Behavior in School-aged Children. La calidad de la dieta mediterránea se valoró a través del cuestionario Índice de calidad de la dieta mediterránea en niños y adolescentes. Las variables antropométricas se recogieron a través de un cuestionario autoinformado y para el cálculo del índice de masa corporal se empleó el índice de Quetelet (kg/m2). Resultados: el análisis descriptivo no mostró diferencias en la percepción de soledad, felicidad y salud, la calidad de la dieta, y las variables antropométricas (p > 0,005), a excepción del peso (p < 0,005), según el sexo. El análisis inferencial mostró que los valores más elevados en la calidad de la dieta se correlacionan con valores más altos en la percepción de felicidad y de salud (p < 0,005). Por su parte, la prueba de la regresión lineal mostró asociación entre la calidad de la dieta y la percepción de felicidad tras ajustarse el modelo al normopeso (R2 = 0,382; p < 0,005). Asimismo, mostró una asociación significativa entre la calidad de la dieta y la percepción de salud tras ajustarse el modelo a los escolares con sobrepeso (R2 = 0,455; p < 0,005). Conclusión: la asociación entre la percepción de salud y de felicidad con la calidad de la dieta parece estar moderada por el estado del peso.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Aim: to determine the relationship between perceived loneliness, happiness, and health, and quality of diet, observing the moderator role of weight status in elementary school children during the state of alarm decreed for COVID-19. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study in a sample of 116 Spanish schoolchildren. The perception of loneliness, happiness, and health was assessed using three items of the Health Behavior in School-aged Children questionnaire. The quality of their Mediterranean diet was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index quetsionnaire for children and adolescents. Anthropometric variables were collected through a self-reported questionnaire, and for the calculation of body mass index the Quetelet index (kg/m2) was used. Results: the descriptive analysis showed no differences in the perception of loneliness, happiness, or health, quality of diet, or anthropometric variables (p > 0.005), except for weight (p < 0.005), according to sex. The inferential analysis showed that higher values in quality of diet are correlated with higher scores in perceived happiness and health (p < 0.005). In turn, the linear regression test showed an association between quality of diet and perception of happiness after the model was adjusted for normal weight (R2 = 0.382; p < 0.005). Likewise, it showed a significant association between quality of diet and perception of health after the model was adjusted for overweight schoolchildren (R2 = 0.455; p < 0.005). Conclusion: the association between perceived health and happiness with quality of diet seems to be moderated by weight status.

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          Most cited references38

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          Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity : Extended international BMI cut-offs

          The international (International Obesity Task Force; IOTF) body mass index (BMI) cut-offs are widely used to assess the prevalence of child overweight, obesity and thinness. Based on data from six countries fitted by the LMS method, they link BMI values at 18 years (16, 17, 18.5, 25 and 30 kg m(-2)) to child centiles, which are averaged across the countries. Unlike other BMI references, e.g. the World Health Organization (WHO) standard, these cut-offs cannot be expressed as centiles (e.g. 85th). To address this, we averaged the previously unpublished L, M and S curves for the six countries, and used them to derive new cut-offs defined in terms of the centiles at 18 years corresponding to each BMI value. These new cut-offs were compared with the originals, and with the WHO standard and reference, by measuring their prevalence rates based on US and Chinese data. The new cut-offs were virtually identical to the originals, giving prevalence rates differing by < 0.2% on average. The discrepancies were smaller for overweight and obesity than for thinness. The international and WHO prevalences were systematically different before/after age 5. Defining the international cut-offs in terms of the underlying LMS curves has several benefits. New cut-offs are easy to derive (e.g. BMI 35 for morbid obesity), and they can be expressed as BMI centiles (e.g. boys obesity = 98.9th centile), allowing them to be compared with other BMI references. For WHO, median BMI is relatively low in early life and high at older ages, probably due to its method of construction. © 2012 The Authors. Pediatric Obesity © 2012 International Association for the Study of Obesity.
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            Effects of COVID‐19 Lockdown on Lifestyle Behaviors in Children with Obesity Living in Verona, Italy: A Longitudinal Study

            Abstract Objective To test the hypothesis that youths with obesity, when removed from structured school activities and confined to their homes during the COVID‐19 pandemic, will display unfavorable trends in lifestyle behaviors. Methods The sample included 41 children and adolescents with obesity participating in a longitudinal observational study located in Verona, Italy. Lifestyle information including diet, activity, and sleep behaviors were collected at baseline and three weeks into the national lockdown during which home confinement was mandatory. Changes in outcomes over the two study time points were evaluated for significance using paired t‐tests. Results There were no changes in reported vegetable intake; fruit intake increased (p=0.055) during the lockdown. By contrast, potato chip, red meat, and sugary drink intakes increased significantly during the lockdown (p‐value range, 0.005 to <0.001). Time spent in sports activities decreased (X±SD) by 2.30±4.60 hours/week (p=0.003) and sleep time increased by 0.65±1.29 hours/day (p=0.003). Screen time increased by 4.85±2.40 hours/day (p<0.001). Conclusions Recognizing these adverse collateral effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic lockdown is critical in avoiding depreciation of weight control efforts among youths afflicted with excess adiposity. Depending on duration, these untoward lockdown effects may have a lasting impact on a child’s or adolescent’s adult adiposity level.
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              COVID-19 Related School Closings and Risk of Weight Gain Among Children

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                nh
                Nutrición Hospitalaria
                Nutr. Hosp.
                Grupo Arán (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0212-1611
                1699-5198
                June 2021
                : 38
                : 3
                : 458-463
                Affiliations
                [2] Murcia orgnameUniversidad de Murcia orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación orgdiv2Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal Spain
                [1] Islas Canarias orgnameGobierno de Canarias orgdiv1Consejería de Educación España
                [3] Albacete orgnameUniversidad de Castilla-La Mancha orgdiv1Departamento de Ciencias Médicas orgdiv2Pedro Juan Tárraga López. EAP Zona 5 de Albacete Spain
                Article
                S0212-16112021000300458 S0212-1611(21)03800300458
                10.20960/nh.03525
                ecb7cdd8-9303-4ccd-9c6b-b4dacc0a5e04

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 February 2021
                : 20 January 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Trabajos Originales

                Lifestyle,Diet,Childhood,Estilo de vida,Cognición,Salud,Nutrición,Dieta,Infancia,Cognition,Health,Nutrition

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