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      A network pharmacology approach to investigate the mechanisms of Si-Jun-Zi decoction in the treatment of gastric precancerous lesions

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          Abstract

          Highlights

          The Si-Jun-Zi decoction may exert a therapeutic effect on gastric precancerous lesions by intervening in the mucosal inflammation, cell apoptosis process, and cell proliferation.

          Editor’s Summary

          Gastric mucosal inflammation has the potential to promote the proliferation of gastric mucosal epithelial cells and inhibit their apoptosis. However, Si-Jun-Zi decoction may exert a therapeutic effect on these process via the multi-target network level.

          Abstract

          Objective: To find out the potential mechanisms of Si-Jun-Zi (SJZ) decoction in the treatment of gastric precancerous lesions (GPL). Methods: A network pharmacology approach was used to analyze the active compounds, drug targets and interacting pathways of SJZ decoction in treating GPL. The compounds and predicted targets of SJZ decoction were screened from TCMSP, and the disease targets were obtained from GeneCards. The therapeutic mechanisms of action of the SJZ decoction were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analyses. Results: The results show that 111 compounds and 90 targets were obtained in this work. These targets were further mapped to 654 GO biological process terms and 21 remarkably pathways. Active compounds, targets, and pathways were used to construct a compound-target network, a target-pathways network, and an integrated GPL pathway. These results indicated that SJZ decoction may treat the dysfunctions of GPL mainly from intervening in the mucosal inflammation, cell apoptosis process, and cell proliferation. Conclusion: This work provided a novel approach to understand the pathogenesis of GPL and revealed the therapeutic mechanisms of SJZ decoction, which facilitate the modernization of herbal medicine for complex diseases in the future.

          Most cited references69

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          GeneCards: integrating information about genes, proteins and diseases.

          M Rebhan (1997)
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            A review of the dietary flavonoid, kaempferol on human health and cancer chemoprevention.

            Kaempferol is a polyphenol antioxidant found in fruits and vegetables. Many studies have described the beneficial effects of dietary kaempferol in reducing the risk of chronic diseases, especially cancer. Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between kaempferol intake and cancer. Kaempferol may help by augmenting the body's antioxidant defence against free radicals, which promote the development of cancer. At the molecular level, kaempferol has been reported to modulate a number of key elements in cellular signal transduction pathways linked to apoptosis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and metastasis. Significantly, kaempferol inhibits cancer cell growth and angiogenesis and induces cancer cell apoptosis, but on the other hand, kaempferol appears to preserve normal cell viability, in some cases exerting a protective effect. The aim of this review is to synthesize information concerning the extraction of kaempferol, as well as to provide insights into the molecular basis of its potential chemo-preventative activities, with an emphasis on its ability to control intracellular signaling cascades that regulate the aforementioned processes. Chemoprevention using nanotechnology to improve the bioavailability of kaempferol is also discussed. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Gastric cancer: prevention, screening and early diagnosis.

              Gastric cancer continues to be an important healthcare problem from a global perspective. Most of the cases in the Western world are diagnosed at late stages when the treatment is largely ineffective. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a well-established carcinogen for gastric cancer. While lifestyle factors are important, the efficacy of interventions in their modification, as in the use of antioxidant supplements, is unconvincing. No organized screening programs can be found outside Asia (Japan and South Korea). Although several screening approaches have been proposed, including indirect atrophy detection by measuring pepsinogen in the circulation, none of them have so far been implemented, and more study data is required to justify any implementation. Mass eradication of H. pylori in high-risk areas tends to be cost-effective, but its adverse effects and resistance remain a concern. Searches for new screening biomarkers, including microRNA and cancer-autoantibody panels, as well as detection of volatile organic compounds in the breath, are in progress. Endoscopy with a proper biopsy follow-up remains the standard for early detection of cancer and related premalignant lesions. At the same time, new advanced high-resolution endoscopic technologies are showing promising results with respect to diagnosing mucosal lesions visually and targeting each biopsy. New histological risk stratifications (classifications), including OLGA and OLGIM, have recently been developed. This review addresses the current means for gastric cancer primary and secondary prevention, the available and emerging methods for screening, and new developments in endoscopic detection of early lesions of the stomach.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                TMR Editorial Board
                Traditional Medicine Research
                TMR Editorial Board (Jintang road, 99, Hedong district Tianjin,China, 300170 )
                2413-3973
                5 November 2018
                5 November 2018
                : 3
                : 6
                : 273-285
                Affiliations
                [1-2413-3973-3-6-273] 1Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
                [2-2413-3973-3-6-273] 2The First People's Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan, Hunan, China.
                [3-2413-3973-3-6-273] 3Lin’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China.
                [4-2413-3973-3-6-273] 4Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
                [5-2413-3973-3-6-273] 5Sichuan Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan China.
                Author notes
                *Correspondence to: Yong Zhang, Sichuan Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan China. E-mail: 568958305@ 123456qq.com .
                Article
                2413-3973-3-6-273
                10.12032/TMR201814087
                ece37a59-0ffe-4386-b896-33e49dd3fb4e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                : 29 August 2018
                Categories
                Modernization of Traditional Medicine

                Medicine,Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine,Health & Social care,Complementary & Alternative medicine
                Pathogenesis,Si-Jun-Zi decoction,Traditional Chinese medicine,Network pharmacology,Gastric precancerous lesions

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