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      Mosquitoes in urban green spaces: using an island biogeographic approach to identify drivers of species richness and composition

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          Abstract

          Mosquitoes are well known for their epidemiological importance as vectors of a wide range of human pathogens. Despite the many studies on medically important species, little is known about the diversity patterns of these insects in urban green spaces, which serve as shelter and refuge for many native and invasive species. Here, we investigate drivers of mosquito richness and composition in nine urban parks in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Using the equilibrium theory of island biogeography, we tested predictive models for species richness and composition and performed nestedness analysis. We also investigated whether species loss tends to benefit vector mosquitoes. In the period 2011 to 2013, a total of 37,972 mosquitoes belonging to 73 species and 14 genera were collected. Our results suggest there is a species-area relationship, an increase in species similarity as richness is lost and a nested species composition pattern. Seven of the eight most commonly found species are considered vectors of human pathogens, suggesting a possible link between species loss and increased risk of pathogen transmission. Our data highlight the need for studies that seek to understand how species loss may affect the risk of infectious diseases in urban areas.

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          The Statistics and Biology of the Species-Area Relationship

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            Beta Regression for Modelling Rates and Proportions

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              The role of urban parks for the sustainable city

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                aralphms@usp.br
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                19 December 2017
                19 December 2017
                2017
                : 7
                : 17826
                Affiliations
                ISNI 0000 0004 1937 0722, GRID grid.11899.38, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, , São Paulo University, ; Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 715, CEP 01246–904 São Paulo, Brazil
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6629-7666
                Article
                18208
                10.1038/s41598-017-18208-x
                5736758
                29259304
                ed4be9cb-8a14-4d9c-952e-f6b35252c7a2
                © The Author(s) 2017

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 1 June 2017
                : 7 December 2017
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