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      Notch signaling: Its essential roles in bone and craniofacial development

      review-article
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      Genes & Diseases
      Chongqing Medical University
      Alagille syndrome, Bone, Craniofacial development, Craniosynostosis, Notch, Oncogenesis, Osteogenesis, Spondylocostal dysosotosis

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          Abstract

          Notch is a cell–cell signaling pathway that is involved in a host of activities including development, oncogenesis, skeletal homeostasis, and much more. More specifically, recent research has demonstrated the importance of Notch signaling in osteogenic differentiation, bone healing, and in the development of the skeleton. The craniofacial skeleton is complex and understanding its development has remained an important focus in biology. In this review we briefly summarize what recent research has revealed about Notch signaling and the current understanding of how the skeleton, skull, and face develop. We then discuss the crucial role that Notch plays in both craniofacial development and the skeletal system, and what importance it may play in the future.

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          Most cited references183

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          The canonical Notch signaling pathway: unfolding the activation mechanism.

          Notch signaling regulates many aspects of metazoan development and tissue renewal. Accordingly, the misregulation or loss of Notch signaling underlies a wide range of human disorders, from developmental syndromes to adult-onset diseases and cancer. Notch signaling is remarkably robust in most tissues even though each Notch molecule is irreversibly activated by proteolysis and signals only once without amplification by secondary messenger cascades. In this Review, we highlight recent studies in Notch signaling that reveal new molecular details about the regulation of ligand-mediated receptor activation, receptor proteolysis, and target selection.
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            Notch signaling: cell fate control and signal integration in development.

            Notch signaling defines an evolutionarily ancient cell interaction mechanism, which plays a fundamental role in metazoan development. Signals exchanged between neighboring cells through the Notch receptor can amplify and consolidate molecular differences, which eventually dictate cell fates. Thus, Notch signals control how cells respond to intrinsic or extrinsic developmental cues that are necessary to unfold specific developmental programs. Notch activity affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation, and apoptotic programs, providing a general developmental tool to influence organ formation and morphogenesis.
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              • Record: found
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              • Article: not found

              Osteoprotegerin ligand is a cytokine that regulates osteoclast differentiation and activation.

              The ligand for osteoprotegerin has been identified, and it is a TNF-related cytokine that replaces the requirement for stromal cells, vitamin D3, and glucocorticoids in the coculture model of in vitro osteoclastogenesis. OPG ligand (OPGL) binds to a unique hematopoeitic progenitor cell that is committed to the osteoclast lineage and stimulates the rapid induction of genes that typify osteoclast development. OPGL directly activates isolated mature osteoclasts in vitro, and short-term administration into normal adult mice results in osteoclast activation associated with systemic hypercalcemia. These data suggest that OPGL is an osteoclast differentiation and activation factor. The effects of OPGL are blocked in vitro and in vivo by OPG, suggesting that OPGL and OPG are key extracellular regulators of osteoclast development.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Genes Dis
                Genes Dis
                Genes & Diseases
                Chongqing Medical University
                2352-4820
                2352-3042
                11 April 2020
                January 2021
                11 April 2020
                : 8
                : 1
                : 8-24
                Affiliations
                [a ]Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
                [b ]Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
                [c ]Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
                [d ]Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
                [e ]Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
                [f ]Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
                [g ]Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
                [h ]Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
                [i ]Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266061, PR China
                [j ]Department of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
                [k ]Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China
                [l ]Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
                [m ]Department of Spine Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
                Author notes
                [] Corresponding author. Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine & Biological Sciences, 5841 S. Maryland Ave. Rm. J-641, MC 6035, Chicago , IL, 60637, USA. Fax: +773 702 1634. rreid@ 123456surgery.bsd.uchicago.edu
                Article
                S2352-3042(20)30058-1
                10.1016/j.gendis.2020.04.006
                7859553
                33569510
                ed648750-cbe6-449d-8891-fd86bb710558
                © 2020 Chongqing Medical University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 25 February 2020
                : 25 March 2020
                : 3 April 2020
                Categories
                Review Article

                alagille syndrome,bone,craniofacial development,craniosynostosis,notch,oncogenesis,osteogenesis,spondylocostal dysosotosis

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