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      Heterogeneidad clínica y genética en pacientes con retinosis pigmentaria en Pinar del Río. Importancia del asesoramiento genético Translated title: Clinical and genetic heterogeneity in retinitis pigmentosa patients in Pinar del Río. Importance of genetic counselling

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          Abstract

          Introducción: la retinosis pigmentaria (RP) es una degeneración progresiva, crónica y de carácter hereditario de la retina, que conduce a discapacidad visual o ceguera sin un tratamiento adecuado. Objetivo: determinar la variabilidad de la expresión clínica en la presentación de la retinosis pigmentaria, así como el tipo de herencia con que se transmite en los enfermos y familias de los individuos ingresados en el servicio provincial de la enfermedad en Pinar del Río, lo que permitirá aplicar una estrategia para el asesoramiento genético individual y familiar. Material y Método: se realizó una investigación descriptiva, retrospectiva y transversal, teniendo como universo y muestra a los 259 pacientes con diagnóstico del padecimiento, registrados en el servicio provincial, de enero a septiembre del año 2012. Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino con 154 pacientes y el grupo de edades entre 40 y 59 años de edad con un 46,71 %. De acuerdo a la clasificación cubana, prevalece el debut precoz, el estadio I, la herencia autosómica recesiva y la forma típica de presentación. Resaltan el síndrome de Usher como entidad asociada y en 99 familias se determinó que la enfermedad sigue un patrón de herencia autosómico recesivo, en 38 de las cuales existe consanguinidad. Las limitaciones de estos enfermos obligan a suministrarles una información adecuada y precisa mediante los servicios de asesoramiento genético. Conclusiones: la gran heterogeneidad clínica y genética de la enfermedad ha generado que la estrategia de asesoramiento genético incluya la personalización del proceso de acuerdo a cada paciente y familia y se le brinde mayor importancia a los grupos de apoyo mutuo.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a progressive, chronic and hereditary retinal degeneration, leading to blindness or visual disabilities without proper treatment. Objective: to determine the variability of clinical expression in retinosis pigmentosa, and also the type of heredity by which it is transmitted to sick people and the family of inpatients at the province service of the disease in Pinar del Río, which will allow to implement a strategy for individual and family genetic counselling. Material and method: a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional research was made, having as target group and sample 259 patients diagnosed with the disease, registered in the province service, from January to September 2012. Results: male patients (154) and ages 40-49 years old (46.71%) predominated. According to the Cuban classification, early onset, stage one, autosomal recessive heredity, and the typical way of presentation prevailed. Usher syndrome stands out as an associated entity. It has been determined that the disease follows an autosomal recessive hereditary pattern, in 99 families, out of which consanguinity exists in 38. The limitations of these sick patients force to provide them with proper and precise information by means of genetic counselling services. Conclusions: the huge clinical and genetic heterogeneity of the disease has caused the genetic advice strategy to include the personalization of the process in accordance with each patient and family and the attachment of greater importance to the groups of mutual support.

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          Perspective on genes and mutations causing retinitis pigmentosa.

          Exceptional progress has been made during the past two decades in identifying genes causing inherited retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa. An inescapable consequence is that the relationship between genes, mutations, and clinical findings has become very complex. Success in identifying the causes of inherited retinal diseases has many implications, including a better understanding of the biological basis of vision and insights into the processes involved in retinal pathology. From a clinical point of view, there are two important questions arising from these developments: where do we stand today in finding disease-causing mutations in affected individuals, and what are the implications of this information for clinical practice? This perspective addresses these questions specifically for retinitis pigmentosa, but the observations apply generally to other forms of inherited eye disease.
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            Retinosis pigmentaria: Experiencia cubana

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              RETINOSIS PIGMENTARIA: CLÍNICA, GENÉTICA Y EPIDEMIOLOGÍA EN ESTUDIO DE FAMILIAS HABANERAS

              Se realiza una investigación descriptiva, retrospectiva y transversal con el objetivo de conocer los resultados de la pesquisa, clasificación y abordaje multidisciplinario de la retinosis pigmentaria (RP) en Ciudad de La Habana en los años 2006-2007. Se analizan las historias clínicas y encuestas individualesde cada paciente así como las fichas y árboles genealógicos de sus familias diseñadas por el Programa Nacional de Retinosis Pigmentariapara establecer las características clínicas, genéticas y epidemiológicas de la RP en ellos. Se hace el resumen porcentual de los resultados que se muestran en gráficos.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rpr
                Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río
                Rev Ciencias Médicas
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Pinar del Río )
                1561-3194
                December 2013
                : 17
                : 6
                : 122-129
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico León Cuervo Rubio Cuba
                [2 ] Centro Provincial de Genética Médica Cuba
                Article
                S1561-31942013000600012
                ed8c539f-5f17-4ed4-94b0-ce3499626ef0

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1561-3194&lng=en
                Categories
                DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
                EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES
                GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
                GENETICS & HEREDITY
                GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
                GERONTOLOGY
                HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
                IMMUNOLOGY
                INFECTIOUS DISEASES
                INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE
                MEDICAL ETHICS
                MEDICAL INFORMATICS
                MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
                MICROBIOLOGY
                NURSING
                NUTRITION & DIETETICS
                OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
                ONCOLOGY
                OPHTHALMOLOGY
                ORTHOPEDICS
                OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
                PARASITOLOGY
                PEDIATRICS
                PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
                SOCIAL SCIENCES, BIOMEDICAL
                UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY

                Oncology & Radiotherapy,Ophthalmology & Optometry,Pediatrics,Nutrition & Dietetics,Obstetrics & Gynecology,Bioinformatics & Computational biology,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry,Nursing,General medicine,Urology,Geriatric medicine,Gastroenterology & Hepatology,Parasitology,Immunology,Dentistry,Clinical chemistry,Internal medicine,General education,Otolaryngology,Orthopedics,Health & Social care,Complementary & Alternative medicine,Genetics,Infectious disease & Microbiology,Microbiology & Virology
                Blindness,Herencia,Retinitis pigmentosa,Heredity,Ceguera

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