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      Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des étudiants en médecine en matière de sexualité Translated title: Knowledge, attitudes and practice of medical students concerning sexual matters

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          Abstract

          La sexualité est un aspect central de la personne humaine qui, devant des problèmes sexuels, va fréquemment se tourner vers une source qu'elle considère compétente et bien informée, son médecin. Les objectifs de notre étude étaient d’évaluer les connaissances, les attitudes et les pratiques des étudiants en médecine en termes de sexualité et d’identifier les principaux déterminants du manque de connaissances basiques à ce sujet. Notre étude était descriptive et analytique, menée auprès des étudiants à la faculté de médecine de Sfax (Tunisie). Le questionnaire, rempli individuellement et de manière anonyme par chaque étudiant, recueillait les données sociodémographiques, les connaissances en matière de sexualité ainsi que leurs sources, les attitudes adoptées par les étudiants vis-à-vis de la sexualité et les pratiques sexuelles. La note totale moyenne relative aux questions de sexologie était de 11,05/20. Les facteurs corrélés à un score moyen élevé aux questions de sexologie étaient le sexe masculin (p=0,003), le statut de marié (p=0,012), le niveau socio-économique élevé (p=0,02), les livres comme source d’informations (p=0,041) et la présence de pratiques sexuelles (p<0,001). Ces pratiques étaient toutes significativement plus fréquentes chez les étudiants de sexe masculin (p<0,001). Des lacunes dans les connaissances en matière de sexualité existent chez les étudiants en médecine, du moins dans certains de ses aspects. Un programme d'enseignement complet et uniforme sur la sexualité humaine, surtout dans ses aspects physiologiques, peut sensiblement améliorer la capacité des futurs médecins à fournir des soins optimaux à leurs patients.

          Translated abstract

          Sexuality is a central aspect of being human throughout life. People with sexual problems commonly turn to their doctor, because he is regarded as competent and well informed. The purpose of our study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practice of medical students concerning sexual matters and to identify the main determinants of the lack of basic knowledge on this subject. We conducted a descriptive and analytical study of students in the Faculty of Medicine of Sfax (Tunisia). The questionnaire, completed individually and anonymously by each student, collected sociodemographic data, knowledge about sexuality as well as sources, student's attitude towards sexuality and sexual practices. The overall average score of sexology related questions was 11,05/20. Factors correlated with a medium high score of sexology related questions were: male sex (p=0.003), married status (p=0.012), high socioeconomic status (p=0.02), books as a source of the information (p=0.041) and sexual practices (p<0.001). Sexual practices were significantly more frequent among male students (p<0.001). There are gaps in knowledge about sexuality among medical students, at least in some of its aspects. A complete and uniform educational program about human sexuality, especially in its physiological aspects, can significantly improve the ability of future physicians to provide optimal patient care.

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          Most cited references23

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          Sexual behaviour in context: a global perspective.

          Research aimed at investigating sexual behaviour and assessing interventions to improve sexual health has increased in recent decades. The resulting data, despite regional differences in quantity and quality, provide a historically unique opportunity to describe patterns of sexual behaviour and their implications for attempts to protect sexual health at the beginning of the 21st century. In this paper we present original analyses of sexual behaviour data from 59 countries for which they were available. The data show substantial diversity in sexual behaviour by region and sex. No universal trend towards earlier sexual intercourse has occurred, but the shift towards later marriage in most countries has led to an increase in premarital sex, the prevalence of which is generally higher in developed countries than in developing countries, and is higher in men than in women. Monogamy is the dominant pattern everywhere, but having had two or more sexual partners in the past year is more common in men than in women, and reported rates are higher in industrialised than in non-industrialised countries. Condom use has increased in prevalence almost everywhere, but rates remain low in many developing countries. The huge regional variation indicates mainly social and economic determinants of sexual behaviour, which have implications for intervention. Although individual behaviour change is central to improving sexual health, efforts are also needed to address the broader determinants of sexual behaviour, particularly those that relate to the social context. The evidence from behavioural interventions is that no general approach to sexual-health promotion will work everywhere and no single-component intervention will work anywhere. Comprehensive behavioural interventions are needed that take account of the social context in mounting individual-level programmes, attempt to modify social norms to support uptake and maintenance of behaviour change, and tackle the structural factors that contribute to risky sexual behaviour.
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            Secular trends in self reported sexual activity and satisfaction in Swedish 70 year olds: cross sectional survey of four populations, 1971-2001

            Objective To study secular trends in self reported sexual behaviour among 70 year olds. Design Cross sectional survey. Settings Four samples representative of the general population in Gothenburg, Sweden. Participants 1506 adults (946 women, 560 men) examined in 1971-2, 1976-7, 1992-3, and 2000-1. Main outcome measures Sexual intercourse, attitudes to sexuality in later life, sexual dysfunctions, and marital satisfaction. Results From 1971 to 2000 the proportion of 70 year olds reporting sexual intercourse increased among all groups: married men from 52% to 68% (P=0.002), married women from 38% to 56% (P=0.001), unmarried men from 30% to 54% (P=0.016), and unmarried women from 0.8% to 12% (P<0.001). Men and women from later birth cohorts reported higher satisfaction with sexuality, fewer sexual dysfunctions, and more positive attitudes to sexuality in later life than those from earlier birth cohorts. A larger proportion of men (57% v 40%, P<0.001) and women (52% v 35%, P<0.001) reported very happy relationships in 2000-1 compared with those in 1971-2. Sexual debut before age 20 increased in both sexes: in men from 52% to 77% (P<0.001) and in women from 19% to 64% (P<0.001). Conclusion Self reported quantity and quality of sexual experiences among Swedish 70 year olds has improved over a 30 year period.
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              Sexual medicine education: review and commentary.

              Sexual medicine education is an important and fundamental topic not adequately represented in most undergraduate and residency training programs. The purpose of this article is to better enable the participant to understand the importance of sexual medicine education, and to review existing models and innovations in undergraduate and graduate medical education. This activity is designed for the practicing physician. Methods. A literature review of the topic was performed. Current state of, and new developments in, sexual medicine education. In all countries, medical students, house staff, and practicing physicians currently receive variable, nonstandardized, or inadequate training in sexual history taking and sexual medicine assessment and treatment. There remain significant physician-patient barriers to discussing sexual issues; and patients feel that their physicians are reluctant, disinterested, or unskilled in sexual problem management. There is a knowledge gap between developments in sexual medicine and the clinical skills of practicing physicians. The challenge is to create uniform, widely available programs that provide practicing physicians across specialties with the needed skills to meet modern patients' needs in sexual medicine healthcare delivery.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Pan Afr Med J
                Pan Afr Med J
                PAMJ
                The Pan African Medical Journal
                The African Field Epidemiology Network
                1937-8688
                29 April 2020
                2020
                : 35
                : 141
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Service de psychiatrie «A», CHU Hédi Chaker Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisie
                [2 ]Service de médecine communautaire et d’épidémiologie, CHU Hédi Chaker Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisie
                Author notes
                [& ]Auteur correspondant: Imen Baati, Service de psychiatrie «A», CHU Hédi Chaker, 3029, Sfax, Tunisie
                Article
                PAMJ-35-141
                10.11604/pamj.2020.35.141.12910
                7335256
                ed955a9c-011f-4238-b5e8-aad6f02117d5
                © Imen Baati et al.

                The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 30 May 2017
                : 16 July 2017
                Categories
                Case Series

                Medicine
                sexualité,étudiant,connaissances,attitudes,comportement sexuel,sexuality,student,knowledge,sexual behavior

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