Trends of overweight and prevalence among Ningxia Han ethnic students during 2000-2019

Abstract

Objective To investigate the trend of overweight and obesity among Han students aged 7-18 in Ningxia from the year of 2000 to 2019, and to provide scientific basis for obesity prevention and control among children and adolescents.

Methods Based on the five waves of “National Student Physical Fitness and Health Survey” in Ningxia region during 2000 to 2019, body weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and other data of Han students aged 7-18 years were included was used for trend analysis.

Results In 2019, the detection rates of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 in Ningxia were 13.34% (1 181/8 855) and 9.19% (814/8 855), respectively. The increase rate of overweight and obesity in boys from 2000 to 2019 was 11.68% and 10.07% (χ ² = 27.60, P<0.01). The rate of overweight and obesity in female students from 2000 to 2019 was 6.95% and 5.77% (χ ² = 33.82, P<0.01). Urban boys had the highest rates of overweight and obesity, which were 11.38% and 10.45%. The growth rate of overweight and obesity in rural boys was higher than that in urban boys after 2010 ( χ ² = 13.90, 17.09, P<0.05), and the growth rate of obesity in rural girls was higher than that in urban girls after 2014 ( χ ² = 9.94, 33.39, P<0.05). Overweight and obesity prevalence showed positive associations with the economic status in both urban and rural areas ( χ ² = 35.19, 35.35, P<0.01).

Conclusion From 2000 to 2019, the prevalence of overweight and obesity and body mass index among children and adolescents in Ningxia increased consistently, with more rigirous in rural areas. Specific strategies and measures for overweight and obesity prevention in children and adolescents are in urgent need, to reduce potential social and economic burden.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解 2000—2019 年宁夏 7~18 岁汉族中小学生超重肥胖变化趋势, 为预防控制儿童青少年超重肥胖提供 科学依据。 方法 基于 2000—2019 年 5 次 “全国学生体质与健康调研” 中宁夏地区数据, 选取 7~18 岁汉族中小学生体 重、身髙等数据进行趋势分析。 结果 2019 年宁夏 7~18 岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖检出率分别为 13.34% (1 181/8 855), 9.19% (814/8 855), 男生 2000—2019 年超重增长率为 11.68%, 肥胖增长率为 10.07% (χ ² = 27.60, P<0.01)。女生 2000—2019 年超重增长率为 6.95%, 肥胖增长率为 5.77% (χ ² = 33.82, P<0.01)。城市男生的超重和肥胖总体增长率均最髙, 为 11.38% 和 10.45%。农村男生的超重和肥胖增长率在 2010 年之后均髙于城市男生 (χ ² 值分别为 13.90, 17.09, P 值均<0.05), 女生肥胖增长率在 2014 年之后农村均髙于城市 (χ ² 值分别为 9.94, 33.39, P 值均<0.05 )。不论是城市还是农村, 经 济发展片区由好到差时, 超重和肥胖检出率由髙到低 (χ ² 值分别为 35.19, 35.35, P 值均<0.01)。 结论 2000—2019 年宁夏 中小学生超重、肥胖检出率及体质量指数趋于持续性增长趋势, 且农村超重和肥胖增长率逐渐超过城市。预防儿童青少年 超重肥胖的具体措施应尽快制定, 降低因儿童青少年超重肥胖所造成的社会经济负担。