Expansão paradoxal de lesões de tuberculose cerebral durante o uso de tuberculostáticos <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Paradoxical expansive lesions of cerebral tuberculosis during tuberculostatic drug therapy </span>

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Abstract

O acometimento do sistema nervoso central pela tuberculose pode se manifestar de duas formas principais: tuberculose meníngea ou tuberculoma. Esta forma é uma condição que vinha decrescendo progressivamente, mas que encontrou nos dias atuais condições ideais para o seu desenvolvimento. O presente estudo discorre sobre três pacientes que desenvolveram expansão paradoxal de lesões de tuberculose cerebral durante o uso de tuberculostáticos, o que demonstra ser importante o acompanhamento tomográfico de pacientes que apresentem sinais neurológicos no curso do tratamento para a tuberculose. Os dois primeiros pacientes apresentaram o acometimento neurológico associado a tuberculose pulmonar, enquanto no terceiro havia história de tuberculose meníngea prévia. A tomografia computadorizada foi o exame utilizado para o acompanhamento desses pacientes. O tratamento constou do uso de tuberculostáticos e corticóide.

Translated abstract

Central nervous system involvement by tuberculosis presents two main types: tuberculosus meningitis or tuberculoma. This second condition has nowadays ideal conditions for development. We report three patients who developed paradoxical brain tuberculosis expansive lesion during the use of tuberculostatic drugs. The cases point out the importance of tomography follow up of patients who present neurological signs in the course of treatment for tuberculosis. The first two patients presented onset of the a neurological symptoms, associated with lung tuberculosis. The third patient previously had tuberculous meninigitis. Computerized tomography was used to follow up these patients. Tuberculostatic and corticoid drugs were used for treatment.

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Most cited references 8

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Tuberculosis of the central nervous system.

R Garg (1999)

Tuberculous involvement of the brain and spinal cord are common neurological disorders in developing countries and have recently shown a resurgence in developed ones. Tuberculous meningitis is an important manifestation and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis is based on clinical features, cerebrospinal fluid changes, and imaging characteristics. Bacteriological confirmation is not possible in all cases as serological tests do not have sufficient sensitivity and specificity. The polymerase chain reaction shows promise for the future. Appropriate chemotherapeutic agents should be administered as early as possible, although there is no unanimity concerning chemotherapeutic regimens or optimal duration of treatment. The patient's clinical stage at presentation is the most important prognostic factor. The role of corticosteroids is controversial but they should be administered to all patients presenting in stage III. Surgical procedures are directed at management of the hydrocephalus. Focal lesions, intracranial tuberculomas, and tuberculous abscesses, are usually located in cerebral or cerebellar hemispheres, uncommonly in brainstem and very rarely in spinal cord. They do not usually require surgical intervention and respond well to antituberculous treatment, along with corticosteroids.