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      African Dust Influence on Atlantic Hurricane Activity and the Peculiar Behaviour of Category 5 Hurricanes

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          Abstract

          We study the specific influence of African dust on each one of the categories of Atlantic hurricanes. By applying wavelet analysis, we find a strong decadal modulation of African dust on Category 5 hurricanes and an annual modulation on all other categories of hurricanes. We identify the formation of Category 5 hurricanes occurring mainly around the decadal minimum variation of African dust and in deep water areas of the Atlantic Ocean, where hurricane eyes have the lowest pressure. According to our results, future tropical cyclones will not evolve to Category 5 until the next decadal minimum that is, by the year 2015 +/- 2.

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          African droughts and dust transport to the Caribbean: climate change implications.

          Joseph Prospero, Peter J Lamb (2003)
          Great quantities of African dust are carried over large areas of the Atlantic and to the Caribbean during much of the year. Measurements made from 1965 to 1998 in Barbados trade winds show large interannual changes that are highly anticorrelated with rainfall in the Soudano-Sahel, a region that has suffered varying degrees of drought since 1970. Regression estimates based on long-term rainfall data suggest that dust concentrations were sharply lower during much of the 20th century before 1970, when rainfall was more normal. Because of the great sensitivity of dust emissions to climate, future changes in climate could result in large changes in emissions from African and other arid regions that, in turn, could lead to impacts on climate over large areas.
          Article 0 comments Cited 254 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The Impact of the Saharan Air Layer on Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity

            Jason Dunion, Christopher Velden (2004)
            Article 0 comments Cited 161 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Atlantic forcing of persistent drought in West Africa.

              Graham King, C D Dettman, J G Overpeck … (2009)
              Although persistent drought in West Africa is well documented from the instrumental record and has been primarily attributed to changing Atlantic sea surface temperatures, little is known about the length, severity, and origin of drought before the 20th century. We combined geomorphic, isotopic, and geochemical evidence from the sediments of Lake Bosumtwi, Ghana, to reconstruct natural variability in the African monsoon over the past three millennia. We find that intervals of severe drought lasting for periods ranging from decades to centuries are characteristic of the monsoon and are linked to natural variations in Atlantic temperatures. Thus the severe drought of recent decades is not anomalous in the context of the past three millennia, indicating that the monsoon is capable of longer and more severe future droughts.
              Article 0 comments Cited 114 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Publication date Created: 24 March 2010
                Article
                ArXiV ID: 1003.4769
                SO-VID: ede7bee9-3907-47e2-a77f-ddd9614d7676
                License:

                http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

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                Comments 5 pages, 7 figures
                Categories physics.ao-ph

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