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      Digit loss due to Demodex spp. infestation in a dog: clinical and pathological features

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Here we describe a rare clinical manifestation of canine pododemodicosis. A dog was presented with pedal erythema, scaling, crusting, severe edema and digit loss. The following diseases were taken into account for the differential diagnosis: pododemodicosis, lethal acrodermatitis, zinc responsive dermatosis and pemphigus foliaceus. Results from skin biopsies revealed the presence of Demodex spp. of mites in the follicular infundibula and a severe inflammatory process (pododemodicosis). Upon the acaricidal treatment, the patient exhibited favorable signs of clinical improvement.

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          Treatment of demodicosis in dogs: 2011 clinical practice guidelines

          Ralf Mueller, Emmanuel Bensignor, Lluís Ferrer … (2012)
          These guidelines were written by an international group of specialists with the aim to provide veterinarians with current recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of canine demodicosis.
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            Small Demodex populations colonize most parts of the skin of healthy dogs.

            Laura Altet, Mar Bardagí, Wendy Roldán … (2013)
            It is unproven that all dogs harbour Demodex mites in their skin. In fact, several microscopic studies have failed to demonstrate mites in healthy dogs. Demodex canis is a normal inhabitant of the skin of most, if not all, dogs. This hypothesis was tested using a sensitive real-time PCR to detect Demodex DNA in the skin of dogs. One hundred dogs living in a humane society shelter, 20 privately owned and healthy dogs and eight dogs receiving immunosuppressive or antineoplastic therapy. Hair samples (250-300 hairs with their hair bulbs) were taken from five or 20 skin locations. A real-time PCR that amplifies a 166 bp sequence of the D. canis chitin synthase gene was used. The percentage of positive dogs increased with the number of sampling points. When a large canine population was sampled at five cutaneous locations, 18% of dogs were positive for Demodex DNA. When 20 skin locations were sampled, all dogs tested positive for mite DNA. Our study indicates that Demodex colonization of the skin is present in all dogs, independent of age, sex, breed or coat. Nevertheless, the population of mites in a healthy dog appears to be small. Demodex DNA was amplified from all 20 cutaneous points investigated, without statistically significant differences. Using a real-time PCR technique, Demodex mites, albeit in very low numbers, were found to be normal inhabitants of haired areas of the skin of healthy dogs. © 2013 The Authors. Veterinary Dermatology © 2013 ESVD and ACVD.
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              Update on canine demodicosis.

              Kinga Gortel (2006)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Open Vet J
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Open Vet J
                Journal ID (publisher-id): OpenVetJ
                Title: Open Veterinary Journal
                Publisher: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli and Libyan Authority for Research, Science and Technology (Tripoli, Libya )
                ISSN (Print): 2226-4485
                ISSN (Electronic): 2218-6050
                Publication date (Print): 2013
                Publication date (Electronic): 20 May 2013
                Volume: 3
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 53-55
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Public Veterinary Hospital, Veterinary Service of National Association of Small Animal Clinicians (ANCLIVEPA), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
                [2 ] Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Univ. Estadual Paulista – UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
                [3 ] Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, Univ. Estadual Paulista – UNESP. Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
                [4 ] Department of Dermatology, Public Veterinary Hospital, Veterinary Service of National Association of Small Animal Clinicians (ANCLIVEPA), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
                Author notes
                [* ] Corresponding Author: Dr. Fabrizio Grandi. School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Univ. Estadual Paulista – UNESP. Distrito de Rubião Júnior, s/n, ZIP. 18618-970, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Email: fgrandivet@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: OpenVetJ-3-53
                PMC ID: 4629579
                SO-VID: ee1cc12d-9331-4ab3-849e-07542956fa2f
                Copyright © Copyright: © Open Veterinary Journal
                License:

                Open Veterinary Journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Date received : 20 February 2013
                Date accepted : 27 April 2013
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                Keywords: acaricidal treatment,canine,parasite,pododemodicosis,skin
                Data availability:
                Keywords: acaricidal treatment, canine, parasite, pododemodicosis, skin

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