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      Síndrome de hipotensión intracraneal en paciente pediátrico con síndrome de Marfan Translated title: Intracranial hypotension syndrome in a pediatric patient with Marfan syndrome

      case-report

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          Resumen

          El síndrome de hipotensión intracraneal (SHI) es consecuencia del descenso de la presión de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR), espontáneo o secundario a antecedente traumático o enfermedad sistémica.

          Presentamos el caso de un niño de 11 años con cefalea ortostática y vómitos de 12 horas de evolución tras una caída sobre región sacrocoxígea; antecedente de síndrome de Marfan. La resonancia craneomedular mostró colecciones líquidas extradurales a nivel dorsal y lumbosacro compatibles con fístula de LCR. El cuadro se resolvió tras tratamiento, pero hubo dos nuevos episodios durante el seguimiento, por lo que se aplicó un parche hemático epidural a los dos años del inicio.

          Aunque el SHI es infrecuente en niños, debe sospecharse ante pacientes con cefalea ortostática, especialmente si existe patología favorecedora como enfermedades del tejido conectivo. Existe poca evidencia sobre el manejo en edad pediátrica, por lo que se presenta este caso y se realiza una revisión de la literatura.

          Abstract

          Intracranial hypotension syndrome (IHS) is attributed to reduced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. It may be spontaneous or secondary to a history of trauma or systemic disease.

          We present the case of an 11-year-old boy, with medical history of Marfan syndrome, with orthostatic headache and persistent vomiting (12 hours) following a fall on the sacrococcygeal region. Magnetic resonance showed extradural fluid collections at dorsal and lumbosacral levels, compatible with CSF leak. The condition was resolved with treatment, but the patient had two new episodes during the follow-up period. Thus, an epidural blood patch was performed two years after the first episode.

          Although HIS is uncommon in children, it should be suspected in patients with orthostatic headache, particularly if the patient presents a connectivopathy. Few studies have assessed the management of HIS in paediatric age. The case presented here and the reviewed available literature provides further data for these type of cases.

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          Most cited references26

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          Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition

          (2018)
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            Post-dural puncture headache: part I diagnosis, epidemiology, etiology, and pathophysiology.

            Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a frequent complication of dural puncture whether performed for diagnostic purposes or accidentally, as a complication of anesthesia. Because both procedures are common, clinicians interested in headache should be familiar with this entity. The differential diagnosis of PDPH is broad and includes other complications of dural puncture as well as headaches attributable to the condition which lead to the procedure. The patterns of development of PDPH depend on a number of procedure- and nonprocedure-related risk factors. Knowledge of procedure-related factors supports interventions designed to reduce the incidence of PDPH. Finally, despite best preventive efforts, PDPH may still occur and be associated with significant morbidity. Therefore, it is important to know the management and prognosis of this disorder. In this review, we will highlight diagnosis and clinical characteristics of PDPH, differential diagnosis, frequency, and risk factors as well as pathophysiology of PDPH.
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              The international classification of headache disorders 3rd edition

              (2018)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Recolección de datos del pacienteRole: Revisión bibliográficaRole: Redacción del manuscrito
                Role: Recolección de datos del pacienteRole: Revisión bibliográficaRole: Redacción del manuscrito
                Role: Redacción del manuscrito
                Role: Recolección de datos del pacienteRole: Redacción del manuscrito
                Journal
                An Sist Sanit Navar
                An Sist Sanit Navar
                assn
                Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra
                Gobierno de Navarra. Departamento de Salud
                1137-6627
                2340-3527
                25 April 2023
                Jan-Apr 2023
                : 46
                : 1
                : e1031
                Affiliations
                [1 ] originalSección de Neuropediatría. Hospital Infantil Universitario Miguel Servet. Zaragoza. España orgdiv1Sección de Neuropediatría orgnameHospital Infantil Universitario Miguel Servet Zaragoza, España
                [2 ] originalSección de Anestesiología Infantil. Hospital Infantil Universitario Miguel Servet. Zaragoza. España. orgdiv1Sección de Anestesiología Infantil orgnameHospital Infantil Universitario Miguel Servet Zaragoza, España
                Author notes
                [Correspondencia ] Amelia Moreno Sánchez ameliamorenosanchez111@ 123456gmail.com

                Conflictos de intereses: Los autores declaran no tener conflictos de intereses.

                Disponibilidad de datos: Datos no disponibles.

                Declaración ética: Se dispone de consentimiento informado firmado por los tutores legales del menor para la publicación de esta nota clínica.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0996-7977
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5121-3634
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4379-5865
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2985-3651
                Article
                10.23938/ASSN.1031
                10212212
                37203318
                ee277409-df99-4ae2-9698-449b93ab76b5

                Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons

                History
                : 19 July 2022
                : 18 August 2022
                : 08 December 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 0
                Categories
                Notas Clínicas

                cefalea ortostática,hipotensión intracraneal,fístula,líquido cefalorraquídeo,síndrome de marfan,orthostatic headache,intracranial hypotension,fistula,cerebrospinal fluid,marfan syndrome

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