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      O SORRISO DE NANOOK E O CINEMA DOCUMENTAL E ETNOGRÁFICO DE ROBERT FLAHERTY Translated title: NANOOK´S SMILE: THE DOCUMENTARY AND ETHNOGRAPHIC CINEMA OF ROBERT FLAHERTY

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          Abstract

          Resumo A partir de uma leitura renovada do filme Nanook of the North (1922), de Robert Flaherty, tomamos o sorriso de Nanook como guia para rediscutir questões cruciais, que estão na base das discussões epistemológicas tanto do cinema quanto da antropologia: o problema da verdade/falsidade e ficção/realidade, o modo de produzir o conhecimento, a encenação da vida social, o ilusionismo e o anti-ilusionismo das representações sociais, os modos de representação do outro, o problema da indexicalidade das imagens como marcas de suas vinculações com o mundo.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Starting from a new reading of Robert Flaherty's Nanook of the North (1922), I take the smile of Nanook as a guide to rediscuss crucial issues, revisiting essential problems that underlie the epistemological discussions of both cinema and anthropology: the problem of truth/falsity and fiction/reality, the way of producing knowledge, the staging of social life, the illusionism and anti-illusionism of social representations, the modes of representation of the other, or the problem of the indexicality of images as marks of their links with the world.

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          Most cited references30

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          Indigenous Media: Faustian Contract or Global Village?

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            Rir do poder e o poder do riso nas narrativas e performances Kaxinawa

            Els Lagrou (2006)
            O humor grotesco das pantomimas e dos mitos, o humor festivo das brincadeiras e o humor crítico dos excessos em mitos e sketches podem ser lidos como formas de conhecimento nativo sobre o mundo e sobre as relações que mantêm esse mundo interconectado. A exegese nativa da imagética humorística revela valores cruciais relacionados às concepções kaxinawa sobre socialidade e agência ritual. Estamos lidando com discursos icônicos sobre a qualidade das relações entre pessoas e entre pessoas e o mundo animado. O humor do corpo grotesco, que faz dialogarem partes de corpos como forças autônomas, e o humor festivo, cujo riso contamina a moral dos "donos" das substâncias, têm alta eficácia ritual, motivando forças cósmicas a agirem em prol da humanidade. Qual é o saber expresso pelo humor? O humor expressa um conhecimento de como agir sobre o mundo que os protagonistas dos mitos careciam. Nos mitos, os poderosos donos de saberes cruciais à vida eram conquistados e mortos. No ritual, estes mesmos seres são "alegrados" e seduzidos. A agência ritual subverte o tempo mítico do conflito para produzir o tempo histórico, um tempo no qual pessoas são produzidas com base nas qualidades construtivas de seres poderosos, conhecidos por suas capacidades predatórias. The grotesque humor of pantomime and myth, the festive humor of play, and the humor used to criticize excesses in myth and comic sketches, can all be read as modes of native knowledge of the world and of the relationships holding this world together. Native exegesis of humoristic imagery reveals crucial values related to Cashinahua concepts about sociality and ritual agency. These are iconic discourses about the quality of relations between people and between people and the animated world. The humor of the grotesque body composed of parts of the body acting as autonomous forces, and the festive humor contaminating the owners of substances, have ritual efficacy, making cosmic powers act in favor of humanity. What kind of knowledge is expressed in humor? Festive and grotesque humor expresses a knowledge of how to act on the world, a knowledge the protagonists of mythic time lacked. In myth, the powerful owners of knowledge crucial to life were conquered and killed. In ritual, these same beings are "made happy" and seduced. Ritual agency thus subverts mythical agency to produce historical time, a time in which bodies are produced out of the constructive qualities of powerful beings known for their predatory capacities.
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              A reexamination of the early career of Robert J. Flaherty1

              Jay Ruby (2009)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                sant
                Sociologia & Antropologia
                Sociol. Antropol.
                Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                2236-7527
                2238-3875
                August 2019
                : 9
                : 2
                : 543-575
                Affiliations
                [1] Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro orgdiv1Departamento de Antropologia Brazil marcoatg1960@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S2238-38752019000200543
                10.1590/2238-38752019v929
                ee59761a-0d55-4f01-b936-81eb2ddf5b96

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 September 2018
                : 15 March 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 75, Pages: 33
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos

                Flaherty,representation,documentary,ethnographic film,Etnografia,representação,documentário,filme etnográfico,Ethnography

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