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      Biomaterials and advanced technologies for the evaluation and treatment of ovarian aging

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          Abstract

          Ovarian aging is characterized by a progressive decline in ovarian function. With the increase in life expectancy worldwide, ovarian aging has gradually become a key health problem among women. Over the years, various strategies have been developed to preserve fertility in women, while there are currently no clinical treatments to delay ovarian aging. Recently, advances in biomaterials and technologies, such as three-dimensional (3D) printing and microfluidics for the encapsulation of follicles and nanoparticles as delivery systems for drugs, have shown potential to be translational strategies for ovarian aging. This review introduces the research progress on the mechanisms underlying ovarian aging, and summarizes the current state of biomaterials in the evaluation and treatment of ovarian aging, including safety, potential applications, future directions and difficulties in translation.

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          Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles

          Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived membranous structures comprising exosomes and microvesicles, which originate from the endosomal system or which are shed from the plasma membrane, respectively. They are present in biological fluids and are involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes. Extracellular vesicles are now considered as an additional mechanism for intercellular communication, allowing cells to exchange proteins, lipids and genetic material. Knowledge of the cellular processes that govern extracellular vesicle biology is essential to shed light on the physiological and pathological functions of these vesicles as well as on clinical applications involving their use and/or analysis. However, in this expanding field, much remains unknown regarding the origin, biogenesis, secretion, targeting and fate of these vesicles.
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            Extracellular vesicles: Exosomes, microvesicles, and friends

            Cells release into the extracellular environment diverse types of membrane vesicles of endosomal and plasma membrane origin called exosomes and microvesicles, respectively. These extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent an important mode of intercellular communication by serving as vehicles for transfer between cells of membrane and cytosolic proteins, lipids, and RNA. Deficiencies in our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms for EV formation and lack of methods to interfere with the packaging of cargo or with vesicle release, however, still hamper identification of their physiological relevance in vivo. In this review, we focus on the characterization of EVs and on currently proposed mechanisms for their formation, targeting, and function.
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              Alginate: properties and biomedical applications.

              Alginate is a biomaterial that has found numerous applications in biomedical science and engineering due to its favorable properties, including biocompatibility and ease of gelation. Alginate hydrogels have been particularly attractive in wound healing, drug delivery, and tissue engineering applications to date, as these gels retain structural similarity to the extracellular matrices in tissues and can be manipulated to play several critical roles. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of general properties of alginate and its hydrogels, their biomedical applications, and suggest new perspectives for future studies with these polymers.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                petrawang@163.com
                sxwang@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn
                Journal
                J Nanobiotechnology
                J Nanobiotechnology
                Journal of Nanobiotechnology
                BioMed Central (London )
                1477-3155
                11 August 2022
                11 August 2022
                2022
                : 20
                : 374
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.412793.a, ISNI 0000 0004 1799 5032, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, , Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, ; Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
                [2 ]National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
                [3 ]GRID grid.419897.a, ISNI 0000 0004 0369 313X, Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, ; Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
                [4 ]GRID grid.413247.7, ISNI 0000 0004 1808 0969, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, , Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, ; Wuhan, 430071 Hubei China
                Article
                1566
                10.1186/s12951-022-01566-8
                9367160
                35953871
                f0010a0d-960c-4bf7-84b8-be7f68d43a59
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                : 23 April 2022
                : 17 July 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;
                Award ID: 81873824
                Award ID: 82001514
                Award ID: 82001498
                Award ID: 8210062421
                Award ID: 22104040
                Award ID: 81701420
                Award ID: 81902669
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100012226, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities;
                Award ID: HSUT: 2021yjsCXCY087
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Review
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Biotechnology
                ovarian aging,biomaterials,evaluation,treatment
                Biotechnology
                ovarian aging, biomaterials, evaluation, treatment

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