Diagnostic Capacity of 64-Slice Multidetector Computed Tomography for Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients Presenting with Acute Chest Pain

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Abstract

Background/Aims: Early evaluations of patients presenting with acute chest pain remain difficult. We examined the diagnostic capacity of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients presenting with acute chest pain. Methods/Results: We examined 36 consecutive patients presenting with acute chest pain with neither diagnostic ECG changes nor elevated biomarkers. 64-slice MDCT was performed, and we evaluated the presenceof significant coronaryartery stenosis (>50% reduction in lumen diameter). Significant stenosis was detected in 15 patients by MDCT. Among them, 11 patients were diagnosed as having ACS based on the findings of coronary angiography or myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (positive predictive value 73%). All 21 patients without significant stenosis by MDCT, except only one, were regarded as not having ACS (negative predictive value 95%). Sensitivity and specificity were 92 and 83%, respectively. In patients without a history of coronary artery disease (CAD), both the specificity and positive predictive value improved to 100% (sensitivity 90%; negative predictive value 95%). In patients with neither a history of CAD nor coronary calcification, the diagnostic accuracy of MDCT was 100%. Conclusions: MDCT has high diagnostic capacity for the early evaluation of ACS, especially in patients without a history of CAD or coronary calcification.

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Most cited references 21

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Diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive coronary angiography using 64-slice spiral computed tomography.

Terence O’Neill, Stuart Gallagher, G Raff … (2005)

The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) coronary angiography using a new 64-slice scanner. The new 64-slice MSCT scanner has improved spatial resolution of 0.4 mm and a faster rotation time (330 ms) compared to prior MSCT scanners. We studied 70 consecutive patients undergoing elective invasive coronary angiography. Patients were excluded for atrial fibrillation, but not for high heart rate, coronary calcification, or obesity. All vessels were analyzed, including those 70 beats/min, and 50% were obese. Specificity, sensitivity, and positive and negative predictive values for the presence of significant stenoses were: by segment (n = 935), 86%, 95%, 66%, and 98%, respectively; by artery (n = 279), 91%, 92%, 80%, and 97%, respectively; by patient (n = 70), 95%, 90%, 93%, and 93%, respectively. Our results indicate high quantitative and qualitative diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice MSCT in comparison to QCA in a broad spectrum of patients.

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Quantification of obstructive and nonobstructive coronary lesions by 64-slice computed tomography: a comparative study with quantitative coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound.

Andreas Knez, Bernd J Wintersperger, Peter Boekstegers … (2005)

The aim of the present study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice computed tomography (CT) to identify and quantify atherosclerotic coronary lesions in comparison with catheter-based angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Currently, the ability of multislice CT to quantify the degree of coronary artery stenosis and dimensions of coronary plaques has not been evaluated. We included 59 patients scheduled for coronary angiography due to stable angina pectoris. A contrast-enhanced 64-slice CT (Senation 64, Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany) was performed before the invasive angiogram. In a subset of 18 patients, IVUS of 32 vessels was part of the catheterization procedure. In 55 of 59 patients, 64-slice CT enabled the visualization of the entire coronary tree with diagnostic image quality (American Heart Association 15-segment model). The overall correlation between the degree of stenosis detected by quantitative coronary angiography compared with 64-slice CT was r = 0.54. Sensitivity for the detection of stenosis 50%, and stenosis >75% was 79%, 73%, and 80%, respectively, and specificity was 97%. In comparison with IVUS, 46 of 55 (84%) lesions were identified correctly. The mean plaque areas and the percentage of vessel obstruction measured by IVUS and 64-slice CT were 8.1 mm2 versus 7.3 mm2 (p < 0.03, r = 0.73) and 50.4% versus 41.1% (p < 0.001, r = 0.61), respectively. Contrast-enhanced 64-slice CT is a clinically robust modality that allows the identification of proximal coronary lesions with excellent accuracy. Measurements of plaque and lumen areas derived by CT correlated well with IVUS. A major limitation is the insufficient ability of CT to exactly quantify the degree of stenosis.

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High-resolution spiral computed tomography coronary angiography in patients referred for diagnostic conventional coronary angiography.

Giuseppe Runza, Deborah McFadden, Jan De Maeseneer … (2005)

The diagnostic performance of the latest 64-slice CT scanner, with increased temporal (165 ms) and spatial (0.4 mm3) resolution, to detect significant stenoses in the clinically relevant coronary tree is unknown. We studied 52 patients (34 men; mean age, 59.6+/-12.1 years) with atypical chest pain, stable or unstable angina pectoris, or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction scheduled for diagnostic conventional coronary angiography. All patients had stable sinus rhythm. Patients with initial heart rates > or =70 bpm received beta-blockers. Mean scan time was 13.3+/-0.9 seconds. The CT scans were analyzed by 2 observers unaware of the results of invasive coronary angiography, which was used as the standard of reference. All available coronary segments, regardless of size, were included in the evaluation. Lesions with > or =50 luminal narrowing were considered significant stenoses. Invasive coronary angiography demonstrated the absence of significant disease in 25% (13 of 52), single-vessel disease in 31% (16 of 52), and multivessel disease in 45% (23 of 52) of patients. One unsuccessful CT scan was classified as inconclusive. Ninety-four significant stenoses were present in the remaining 51 patients. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of CT for detecting significant stenoses on a segment-by-segment analysis were 99% (93 of 94; 95% CI, 94 to 99), 95% (601 of 631; 95% CI, 93 to 96), 76% (93 of 123; 95% CI, 67 to 89), and 99% (601 of 602; 95% CI, 99 to 100), respectively. Noninvasive 64-slice CT coronary angiography accurately detects coronary stenoses in patients in sinus rhythm and presenting with atypical chest pain, stable or unstable angina, or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): CRD

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cardiology

Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.0008-6312

Title: Cardiology

Publisher: S. Karger AG

ISSN (Print): 0008-6312

ISSN (Electronic): 1421-9751

Publication date Subscription-year: 2009

Publication date (Print): January 2009

Publication date (Electronic): 04 August 2008

Volume: 112

Issue: 3

Pages: 211-218

Affiliations

^aDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and ^bDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Article

Publisher ID: 149630 Other ID: Cardiology 2009;112:211–218

DOI: 10.1159/000149630

PubMed ID: 18682665

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