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      Formación en comunicación para profesionales sanitarios Translated title: Formació en comunicació per a professionals sanitaris Translated title: Communication training for health professionals

      research-article
      , ,
      Revista de Bioética y Derecho
      Observatori de Bioètica i Dret - Cátedra UNESCO de Bioética
      habilidades comunicativas, modelo centrado en la persona, formación profesionales sanitarios, formación sanitaria especializada, comunicación de malas noticias, actitudes de los médicos, planificación de decisiones anticipadas, habilitats comunicatives, model centrat en la persona, formació professionals sanitaris, formació sanitària especialitzada, comunicació de males notícies, actituds dels metges, planificació de decisions anticipades, Communication skills, person-centered model, health professional training, training in Spanish National Health System, breaking bad news, clinicians' attitudes, advance care planing

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          Abstract

          Resumen La profunda transformación vivida en el ámbito sanitario en general, y en concreto en el cambio de modelo relacional con el desarrollo del modelo centrado en la persona, requiere de nuevas maneras de enfocar la formación de los profesionales sanitarios, no tan solo con la incorporación de nuevos conocimientos sino también en el desarrollo de las competencias en habilidades comunicativas y relacionales. Este artículo presenta una propuesta de formación en comunicación de malas noticias para los profesionales sanitarios, atendiendo a las actitudes, habilidades y a los conocimientos necesarios para hacerlo. Se presenta un modelo de docencia escalar y adaptable a diferentes contextos y especialidades sanitarias.

          Translated abstract

          Resum La profunda transformació viscuda en l'àmbit sanitari en general, i en concret en el canvi de model relacional amb el desenvolupament del model centrat en la persona, requereix de noves maneres d'enfocar la formació dels professionals sanitaris, no tan sols amb la incorporació de nous coneixements sinó també en el desenvolupament de les competències en habilitats comunicatives i relacionals. Aquest article presenta una proposta de formació en comunicació de males notícies per als professionals sanitaris, ateses les actituds, habilitats i als coneixements necessaris per a fer-ho. Es presenta un model de docència escalar i adaptable a diferents contextos i especialitats sanitàries.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Healthcare has undergone profound changes in recent decades. These changes impact, among others, the relational model, making it necessary to develop a person-centered model. To accomplish this, an update in the training of health professionals, incorporating new knowledge associated with communication and relational skills is necessary. This article presents a proposal for training in bad news communication for healthcare professionals, considering the attitudes, skills and knowledge necessary to do so. A scalar training model, adaptable to different contexts and health specialties, is presented.

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          Most cited references26

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          SPIKES—A Six‐Step Protocol for Delivering Bad News: Application to the Patient with Cancer

          We describe a protocol for disclosing unfavorable information-"breaking bad news"-to cancer patients about their illness. Straightforward and practical, the protocol meets the requirements defined by published research on this topic. The protocol (SPIKES) consists of six steps. The goal is to enable the clinician to fulfill the four most important objectives of the interview disclosing bad news: gathering information from the patient, transmitting the medical information, providing support to the patient, and eliciting the patient's collaboration in developing a strategy or treatment plan for the future. Oncologists, oncology trainees, and medical students who have been taught the protocol have reported increased confidence in their ability to disclose unfavorable medical information to patients. Directions for continuing assessment of the protocol are suggested.
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            The patient experience and health outcomes.

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              Effective physician-patient communication and health outcomes: a review.

              To ascertain whether the quality of physician-patient communication makes a significant difference to patient health outcomes. The MEDLINE database was searched for articles published from 1983 to 1993 using "physician-patient relations" as the primary medical subject heading. Several bibliographies and conference proceedings were also reviewed. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and analytic studies of physician-patient communication in which patient health was an outcome variable. The following information was recorded about each study: sample size, patient characteristics, clinical setting, elements of communication assessed, patient outcomes measured, and direction and significance of any association found between aspects of communication and patient outcomes. Of the 21 studies that met the final criteria for review, 16 reported positive results, 4 reported negative (i.e., nonsignificant) results, and 1 was inconclusive. The quality of communication both in the history-taking segment of the visit and during discussion of the management plan was found to influence patient health outcomes. The outcomes affected were, in descending order of frequency, emotional health, symptom resolution, function, physiologic measures (i.e., blood pressure and blood sugar level) and pain control. Most of the studies reviewed demonstrated a correlation between effective physician-patient communication and improved patient health outcomes. The components of effective communication identified by these studies can be used as the basis both for curriculum development in medical education and for patient education programs. Future research should focus on evaluating such educational programs.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                bioetica
                Revista de Bioética y Derecho
                Rev. Bioética y Derecho
                Observatori de Bioètica i Dret - Cátedra UNESCO de Bioética (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                1886-5887
                2021
                : 52
                : 29-44
                Affiliations
                [3] orgnameUniversidad de Barcelona España
                [2] orgnameSant Joan de Déu- Terres de Lleida España
                [1] orgnameParc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu España
                Article
                S1886-58872021000200003 S1886-5887(21)00005200003
                10.1344/rbd2021.52.34218
                f029782a-8321-48ec-973c-5f6a33017c80

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 March 2021
                : 11 May 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 16
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Monográfico comunicación en el ámbito sanitario

                advance care planing,habilidades comunicativas,modelo centrado en la persona,formación profesionales sanitarios,formación sanitaria especializada,comunicación de malas noticias,actitudes de los médicos,planificación de decisiones anticipadas,habilitats comunicatives,model centrat en la persona,formació professionals sanitaris,formació sanitària especialitzada,comunicació de males notícies,actituds dels metges,planificació de decisions anticipades,Communication skills,person-centered model,health professional training,training in Spanish National Health System,breaking bad news,clinicians' attitudes

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