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      Long Noncoding RNA/Circular RNA-miRNA-mRNA Axes in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

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          Abstract

          Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) elicits tissue injury involved in a wide range of pathologies. Multiple studies have demonstrated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs), participate in the pathological development of IRI, and they may act as biomarkers, therapeutic targets, or prognostic indicators. Nonetheless, the specific molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in IRI have not been completely elucidated. Regulatory networks among lncRNAs/circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs have been the focus of attention in recent years. Studies on the underlying molecular mechanisms have contributed to the discovery of therapeutic targets or strategies in IRI. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the current research on the lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axes and highlight the important role of these axes in IRI.

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          MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function.

          David Bartel (2004)
          MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous approximately 22 nt RNAs that can play important regulatory roles in animals and plants by targeting mRNAs for cleavage or translational repression. Although they escaped notice until relatively recently, miRNAs comprise one of the more abundant classes of gene regulatory molecules in multicellular organisms and likely influence the output of many protein-coding genes.
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            The biogenesis, biology and characterization of circular RNAs

            Lasse S. Kristensen, Maria Andersen, Lotte V. W. Stagsted … (2019)
            Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed, endogenous biomolecules in eukaryotes with tissue-specific and cell-specific expression patterns, whose biogenesis is regulated by specific cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors. Some circRNAs are abundant and evolutionarily conserved, and many circRNAs exert important biological functions by acting as microRNA or protein inhibitors ('sponges'), by regulating protein function or by being translated themselves. Furthermore, circRNAs have been implicated in diseases such as diabetes mellitus, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Although the circular nature of these transcripts makes their detection, quantification and functional characterization challenging, recent advances in high-throughput RNA sequencing and circRNA-specific computational tools have driven the development of state-of-the-art approaches for their identification, and novel approaches to functional characterization are emerging.
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              MicroRNAs

              David Bartel (2004)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Jichun Liu:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-9134
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biomed Res Int
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biomed Res Int
                Journal ID (publisher-id): BMRI
                Title: BioMed Research International
                Publisher: Hindawi
                ISSN (Print): 2314-6133
                ISSN (Electronic): 2314-6141
                Publication date Collection: 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 25 November 2020
                Volume: 2020
                Electronic Location Identifier: 8838524
                Affiliations
                1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
                2Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Yanming Xu

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5422-1974
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-9134
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2020/8838524
                PMC ID: 7710414
                PubMed ID: 33299883
                SO-VID: f047fb6e-db87-45b3-afe4-e4623e1d2f40
                Copyright © Copyright © 2020 Chengwu Gong et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 1 September 2020
                Date revision received : 30 September 2020
                Date accepted : 30 October 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 81860045
                Award ID: 81570262
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                Data availability:

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