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      Virulencia de la roya amarilla del trigo en las principales zonas productoras de riego en México Translated title: Virulence of the wheat yellow rust in the main irrigated production areas of Mexico

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          Abstract

          La roya amarilla del trigo (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) causa pérdidas importantes en el rendimiento en trigo (Triticum aestivum L.), sembrado en condiciones de riego, debido a que el hongo tienen la capacidad de evolucionar y por lo tanto vencer la resistencia de las variedades cultivadas. Ante esta problemática se estudio la virulencia de este patógeno en los ciclos de cultivo otoño-invierno 2005-2006 y 2006-2007 en zonas productoras de trigo de riego de los estados de Guanajuato, Jalisco, Sonora y Baja California Norte. Se colectaron hojas y espigas infectadas con roya amarilla, las muestras se procesaron en invernaderos del Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT). La identificación de razas se realizó utilizando un conjunto de 24 diferenciales de trigo para roya amarilla. En el ciclo otoño-invierno 2005-2006, se identificaron 16 razas fisiológicas y 12 durante el otoño-invierno 2006-2007 en los estados de Baja California Norte, Sonora, Jalisco y Guanajuato. Durante el ciclo otoño-invierno 2005-2006 en Baja California Norte se detectó virulencia para los genes Yr1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 17, 27, Poll y A, en Guanajuato y Sonora para los genes Yr1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 17, 27 y A. En el ciclo otoño-invierno 2006-2007 en Sonora se detectó virulencia para los genes Yr1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 17, 27, Poll y A. Asimismo, en los estados de Jalisco y Guanajuato se encontró virulencia para Yr1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 17, 27, Poll y A. Durante el ciclo de cultivo otoño-invierno 2006-2007 no se detectó virulencia para el gene Yr8, en las principales zonas productoras de trigo de riego; pero se determinó la existencia de virulencia para los genes Yr1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 17, 27, Poll y A. Ninguna de las razas identificadas está asociada con la presencia de un gene de resistencia en particular; pero la presencia de virulencia para Yr27 y posiblemente la virulencia para Yr2, y otros genes de resistencia específicos, pero aún no identificados, hacen que esta enfermedad sea considerada antes de liberar una nueva variedad en especial para aquellas zonas productoras de trigo donde la roya amarilla no era un factor limitante, hasta 2001.

          Translated abstract

          Wheat yellow rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici could infringe huge losses in the wheat yield crop (Triticum aestivum L.), planted under irrigated conditions during the winter season in Mexico. This is in part due to the fact that the fungus have the capacity to evolve and overcome previously resistant varieties. Because of the presence of new forms of virulence, during the crop seasons autumn-winter 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 the virulence analysis of this pathogen was carried out in irrigated wheat production areas in the states of Guanajuato, Jalisco, Sonora and Baja California Norte. Rusted leaves and heads were collected and processed at the International Center for Wheat and Maize Improvement (CIMMYT). Race identification was done by means of 24 wheat yellow rust differentials. During the crop season 2005-2006, 16 different races were identified, whereas during 2006-2007 12 races were identified in the states of Baja California Norte, Sonora, Jalisco and Guanajuato. During the crop season of 2005-2006 in Baja California Norte virulence for the resistance genes Yr1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 17, 27, Poll and A were present, whereas in Guanajuato and Sonora virulence for genes Yr1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 17, 27, y A.was found. During the crop season of 2006-2007 in Sonora virulencia for Yr1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 17, 27, Poll and YrA was found. Virulence for the yellow rust resistance genes Yr1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 17, 27, Poll and A were found in the states of Jalisco and Guanajuato. During the season of 2006-2007 virulence for Yr8 was not found; but virulence for Yr1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 17, 27, Poll and YrA was present. None of the races identified is associated with the presence of one resistance gene in particular but the presence of virulence for Yr27, Yr2 and some other non-identified race-specific resistance genes obligate to plant breeder to considerer the presence of this disease before a new variety is released, specially in those areas where yellow rust was not considered as problem before 2001.

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          Genetics and breeding for durable resistance to leaf and stripe rusts in wheat

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            Successes in breeding for and managing durable resistance to wheat rusts

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              el trigo de temporal en México.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                agritm
                Agricultura técnica en México
                Agric. Téc. Méx
                Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (México, DF, Mexico )
                0568-2517
                June 2009
                : 35
                : 2
                : 179-187
                Affiliations
                [01] Texcoco Estado de México orgnameInstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias orgdiv1Campo Experimental Valle de México orgdiv2Programa de Trigo j.huertacgiar.org , hevimir3@ 123456yahoo.com.mx
                [02] Celaya Guanajuato orgnameInstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias orgdiv1Campo Experimental Bajío orgdiv2Programa de Trigo solis.ernesto@ 123456inifap.gob.mx
                Article
                S0568-25172009000200005 S0568-2517(09)03500200005
                f04c6c9b-6671-4ee3-b303-1a3018c2fc98

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : May 2009
                : September 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 7, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos

                Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici,Triticum aestivum L.,razas fisiológicas,genes,variedades,physiological races,varieties

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