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      Disposición al riesgo en la actividad sexual de adolescentes: el rol de los modelos internos de apego, de las relaciones de apego con padres e iguales y de las dificultades de regulación emocional Translated title: Dispositional risk-taking in sexual activity in adolescents: the role of internal models of attachment, attachment relationships with parents and peers and difficulties in emotional regulation

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          Abstract

          El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación existente entre la disposición al riesgo en las relaciones sexuales en personas adolescentes y variables afectivo-emocionales tales como el apego a la madre, al padre, a los iguales, los estilos de apego y las dificultades de regulación emocional. Han participado 1911 adolescentes escolarizados, de ambos sexos, entre 15 y 20 años. Los resultados indican que la seguridad del apego se relaciona inversamente con la disposición al riesgo en las relaciones sexuales, mientras que las dificultades de regulación muestran una asociación positiva, con diferencias entre sujetos sexualmente activos y no activos. Se han hallado diferencias por género, y por categorías de apego, así como entre las personas sexualmente activas y no activas.

          Translated abstract

          The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between risktaking in sexual relationships and affective-emotional variables such as attachment to mother, father, peers, attachment styles and difficulties in emotional regulation capacity in adolescence. 1911 adolescent students of both sexes between 15 and 20 years of age participated. Results indicate that attachment security is inversely related to risk-taking in sexual relationships. Less risk-taking is associated with attachment to mother and peers in sexually inactive adolescents while in the sexually active with the capacity for emotional regulation. Differences were found in gender and attachment styles and among sexually active and inactive adolescents.

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          Most cited references59

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          Peers increase adolescent risk taking by enhancing activity in the brain's reward circuitry.

          The presence of peers increases risk taking among adolescents but not adults. We posited that the presence of peers may promote adolescent risk taking by sensitizing brain regions associated with the anticipation of potential rewards. Using fMRI, we measured brain activity in adolescents, young adults, and adults as they made decisions in a simulated driving task. Participants completed one task block while alone, and one block while their performance was observed by peers in an adjacent room. During peer observation blocks, adolescents selectively demonstrated greater activation in reward-related brain regions, including the ventral striatum and orbitofrontal cortex, and activity in these regions predicted subsequent risk taking. Brain areas associated with cognitive control were less strongly recruited by adolescents than adults, but activity in the cognitive control system did not vary with social context. Results suggest that the presence of peers increases adolescent risk taking by heightening sensitivity to the potential reward value of risky decisions.
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            Adolescents' Emotion Regulation in Daily Life: Links to Depressive Symptoms and Problem Behavior

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              Attachment styles, emotion regulation, and adjustment in adolescence.

              Attachment style differences in psychological symptomatology, self-concept, and risky or problem behaviors were examined in a community sample (N = 1,989) of Black and White adolescents, 13 to 19 years old. Overall, secure adolescents were the best-adjusted group, though not necessarily the least likely to engage in risky behaviors. Anxious adolescents were the worst-adjusted group, reporting the poorest self-concepts and the highest levels of symptomatology and risk behaviors. In contrast, avoidant adolescents reported generally high levels of symptomatology and poor self-concepts but similar levels of risk behaviors to those found among secures. Mediation analyses suggested that the observed differences in problem behaviors were at least partially accounted for by the differential experience of distress symptoms (primarily hostility and depression) and by social competence. Finally, patterns of attachment effects were similar across age, gender, and racial groups, with some important exceptions.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ap
                Anales de Psicología
                Anal. Psicol.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                0212-9728
                1695-2294
                October 2016
                : 32
                : 3
                : 899-906
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad del País Vasco orgdiv1Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos España
                [02] orgnameUniversidad del País Vasco orgdiv1Departamento de Procesos Básicos y su Desarrollo España
                Article
                S0212-97282016000300033
                10.6018/analesps.32.3.221691
                f0aff2db-674c-4325-bca4-fab400304859

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 June 2015
                : 27 February 2015
                : 19 June 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 49, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                emotional regulation,risk-taking behaviors,Apego,adolescencia,comportamiento sexual,regulación emocional,conductas de riesgo,Attachment,adolescence,sexual behavior

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