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      Influencia del docente de Educación Física sobre la confianza, diversión, la motivación y la intención de ser físicamente activo en la adolescencia

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Según el informe de la OMS del 2018, más del 80% de los adolescentes no practican suficiente actividad física. Las clases de Educación Física deberían de ayudar a solventar este problema. Para ello, en este estudio, se pretende analizar la influencia del docente sobre la confianza, diversión, la motivación y la intención de ser físicamente activo en la adolescencia. En el presente estudio participaron 602 estudiantes entre los 13 y 19 años. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos descriptivos, un análisis de fiabilidad y un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que explica las relaciones causales entre las variables. Los resultados muestran como el apoyo autonomía predice positivamente la confianza (β = .56, p<.001), la diversión (β = .29, p<.001) y la motivación (β = .10, p<.05); mientras que el control psicológico predice negativamente la confianza (β = -.17, p<.01), la diversión (β = -.12, p<.001) y la motivación (β = -.24, p<.001). La confianza predice positivamente la motivación (β = .37, p<.01), de la misma manera, la diversión predice la motivación (β = .74, p<.001), por último, la motivación predice de forma positiva la intención de ser físicamente activo (β = .62, p<.001). En definitiva, el estudio muestra la influencia y la importancia del profesor de EF y de los procesos motivacionales y emocionales presentes en los adolescentes durante las clases de EF sobre la adopción de unos hábitos de vida activos.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT According to the WHO report of 2018, more than 80% of adolescents do not practice enough physical activity. Physical education classes should help solve this problem. For this, in this study, we intend to analyze the influence of the teacher on confidence, enjoyment, motivation and the intention to be physically active in adolescence. In the present study, 602 students between the ages of 13 and 19 participated. Descriptive statistical analyzes, a reliability analysis and a structural equation model that explains the causal relationships between the variables were performed. The results show how autonomy support positively predicts confidence (β = .56, p <.001), enjoyment (β = .29, p <.001) and motivation (β = .10, p <.05); whereas psychological control predicts negatively confidence (β = -.17, p <.01), enjoyment (β = -.12, p <.001) and motivation (β = -.24, p <.001). Confidence positively predicts motivation (β = .37, p <.01), in the same way, enjoyment predicts motivation (β = .74, p <.001), finally the motivation positively predicts the intention to be physically active (β = .62, p <.001). In short, the study shows the influence and importance of the PE teacher and the motivational and emotional processes present in adolescents during PE classes on the adoption of active life habits.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Segundo o relatório da OMS de 2018, mais de 80% dos adolescentes não praticam atividade física suficiente. Aulas de educação física devem ajudar a resolver este problema. Para isso, neste estudo, pretendemos analisar a influência do professor sobre a confiança, a diversão, a motivação e a intenção de ser fisicamente ativo na adolescência. No presente estudo, participaram 602 estudantes com idades entre 13 e 19 anos. Análises estatísticas descritivas, uma análise de confiabilidade e um modelo de equações estruturais que explica as relações causais entre as variáveis foram realizadas. Os resultados mostram como o apoio à autonomia prediz positivamente confiança (β = .56, p <.001), diversão (β = .29, p <.001) e motivação (β = .10, p <.05) ; enquanto o controle psicológico prediz confiança negativa (β = -.17, p <.01), diversão (β = -.12, p <.001) e motivação (β = -.24, p <.001). A confiança prediz positivamente a motivação (β = 0,37, p <0,01), da mesma forma, a diversão prediz a motivação (β = 0,74, p <0,001), enfim, a motivação prediz positivamente a intenção de ser fisicamente ativo (β = 0,62, p <0,001). Em suma, o estudo mostra a influência e importância do professor de EF e dos processos motivacionais e emocionais presentes nos adolescentes durante as aulas de EF sobre a adoção de hábitos de vida ativos.

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          Most cited references41

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          Role of the Big Five personality traits in predicting college students' academic motivation and achievement

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              Predicting students' physical activity and health-related well-being: a prospective cross-domain investigation of motivation across school physical education and exercise settings.

              A three-wave prospective design was used to assess a model of motivation guided by self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2008) spanning the contexts of school physical education (PE) and exercise. The outcome variables examined were health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical self-concept (PSC), and 4 days of objectively assessed estimates of activity. Secondary school students (n = 494) completed questionnaires at three separate time points and were familiarized with how to use a sealed pedometer. Results of structural equation modeling supported a model in which perceptions of autonomy support from a PE teacher positively predicted PE-related need satisfaction (autonomy, competence, and relatedness). Competence predicted PSC, whereas relatedness predicted HRQoL. Autonomy and competence positively predicted autonomous motivation toward PE, which in turn positively predicted autonomous motivation toward exercise (i.e., 4-day pedometer step count). Autonomous motivation toward exercise positively predicted step count, HRQoL, and PSC. Results of multisample structural equation modeling supported gender invariance. Suggestions for future work are discussed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cpd
                Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte
                CPD
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Región de Murcia, Spain )
                1578-8423
                1989-5879
                2019
                : 19
                : 1
                : 222-232
                Affiliations
                [1] Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Almería Spain
                Article
                S1578-84232019000100222 S1578-8423(19)01900100222
                10.6018/cpd.347631
                f12ecfb4-6f72-4b2f-92c7-27cd2dd008c4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 December 2018
                : 25 October 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 54, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Psicología del Deporte

                actividad física,atividade física,Educação Física,emoções,teoria da autodeterminação,Self-determination theory,Educación Física,emociones,teoría de la autodeterminación,physical activity,Physical Education,emotions

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