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      Hipoparatiroidismo en el niño Translated title: Hypoparathyroidism in the child

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: El hipoparatiroidismo está causado por la falta de secreción de hormona paratiroidea (PTH), bien por alteración de su síntesis y secreción por parte de las glándulas paratiroides o por alteración en el estímulo para su secreción por fallo en el receptor sensible al calcio (CaSR). Su etiología y manifestaciones clínicas son variables en función de la edad del paciente. El tratamiento va dirigido a mantener los niveles de calcemia dentro del rango normal-bajo para evitar el riesgo de nefrocalcinosis derivado del uso de dosis excesivas de calcio y vitamina D. En esta revisión, nos centramos en las peculiaridades de esta entidad en la edad pediátrica.

          Translated abstract

          SUMMARY: Hipoparathyroidism occurs when parathyroid hormone (PTH) is insufficient because of destruction of the parathyroid glands, abnormal parathyroid gland development or altered regulation of PTH production through calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). Etiology and clinical features depend on the age of the patient. The goals of therapy are to maintain the serum calcium concentration in the low-normal range to prevent iatrogenic development of kidney stones. In this review, we will pay attention to the peculiriaties in the pediatric age.

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          Hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism: etiology, laboratory features and complications

          ABSTRACT Objectives To identify a clinical profile and laboratory findings of a cohort of hypoparathyroidism patients and determine the prevalence and predictors for renal abnormalities. Materials and methods Data from medical records of five different visits were obtained, focusing on therapeutic doses of calcium and vitamin D, on laboratory tests and renal ultrasonography (USG). Results Fifty-five patients were identified, 42 females and 13 males; mean age of 44.5 and average time of the disease of 11.2 years. The most frequent etiology was post-surgical. Levels of serum calcium and creatinine increased between the first and last visits (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively); and serum levels of phosphate decreased during the same period (p < 0.001). Out of the 55 patients, 40 had USG, and 10 (25%) presented with kidney calcifications. There was no significant difference in the amount of calcium and vitamin D doses among patients with kidney calcifications and others. No correlation between serum and urinary levels of calcium and the presence of calcification was found. Urinary calcium excretion in 24h was significantly higher in patients with kidney calcification (3.3 mg/kg/d) than in those without calcification (1.8 mg/kg/d) (p < 0.05). Conclusions The reduction of hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia suggest an effectiveness of the treatment, and the increase in serum creatinine demonstrates an impairment of renal function during follow-up. Kidney calcifications were prevalent in this cohort, and higher urinary calcium excretion, even if still within the normal range, was associated with development of calcification. These findings suggest that lower rates of urinary calcium excretion should be aimed for in the management of hypoparathyroidism.
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            Calcification of the basal ganglia in chronic hypoparathyroidism.

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              The chronology of dentinal defects related to medical findings in hypoparathyroidism.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                orl
                Revista ORL
                Rev. ORL
                Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca (Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain )
                2444-7986
                September 2022
                : 13
                : 3
                : 247-250
                Affiliations
                [1] Salamanca orgnameComplejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca orgdiv1Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca orgdiv2Servicio de Pediatría. Unidad de Endocrinología Infantil España
                Article
                S2444-79862022000400006 S2444-7986(22)01300300006
                10.14201/orl.27470
                f13713a8-d800-4d06-8049-8a7c9eb48e59

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 October 2021
                : 17 January 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 6, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos de Revisión

                pediatrics,hypocalcemia,hypoparathyroidism,calcio,vitamina D,pediatría,hipocalcemia,vitamin D,hipoparatiroidismo,calcium

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