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      Comunidades y gremios de parasitoides (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) en cultivo de maíz y selva baja caducifolia circundante Translated title: Parasitoids assemblages and guilds (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) on maize and adjacent dryforest

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: En áreas tropicales se conoce poco sobre la diversidad de parasitoides, especialmente en cultivos; donde se ha demostrado que estos insectos son sensibles al aumento de la superficie agrícola. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la diversidad y composición de especies de parasitoides en cultivos de maíz de diferente superficie con selva baja caducifolia circundante. Se colocaron seis trampas Malaise: dos en un cultivo de maíz de 10 ha, dos en maíz de 50 ha y dos en selva, que funcionaron durante el ciclo fenològico del maíz, en las que se realizaron colectas semanales. Se recolectaron 1 149 individuos, que representan 43 géneros de los que 21 son nuevos registros para el estado de Campeche, México. No se encontraron diferencias en el número de géneros presentes en los sitios y la composición de comunidades fue similar, lo que refleja la migración de géneros entre la selva y los agroecosistemas; pero si presentaron diferencias en los géneros domi nantes, lo que sugiere que los parasitoides responden al hábitat. Se encontraron siete gremios de parasitoides, dominando los parasitoides que atacan fitófagos ocultos. La diversidad de géneros fue similar entre la selva y maíz de 50 ha, la diversidad de gremios se relaciona con el tamaño del hábitat, áreas de mayor tamaño, tienen mayor biodiversidad. Los géneros que dominaron las comunidades fueron Eiphosoma, Pristomerus, Microcharops y Casinaria, los cuales, con excepción del último, han sido registrados como controladores biológicos de Spodoptera frugiperda en maíz.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT: In tropical areas little is known about the diversity of parasitoids, especially in cropped areas; which have shown that these insects are particularly sensitive to the increase in agricultural activities. The aim was to evaluate the diversity and composition of parasitoid species in maize fields with different area in a matrix of low deciduous forest. Six Malaise traps were placed: two in a maize field of 10 ha, two in maize field of 50 ha and two into dryforest, which were functioning during the maize phaenological cycle with weekly collections. 1 149 individuals were found represented in 43 genera, which 21 as new records for the Campeche State, Mexico. No differences were found in the number of genera present among sites, and the composition of the communities were very similar to each other, which reflects the migration of genera between the forest and maize fields. But differences in the dominant genera were founded, suggesting that the parasitoids respond to particularities of the habitat. Seven guilds of parasitoids were found, dominating the parasitoids that attack hidden phytophages. The diversity of genera was similar between forest and 50 ha maize field, and diversity of guilds was related with the size of the habitat, larger areas will have higher biodiversity. The genera that dominated the communities were Eiphosoma, Pristomerus, Microcharops and Casinaria, which, with the exception of the latter, have been registered as biological controllers of Spodoptera frugiperda in maize.

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          Most cited references31

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          Species richness for parasitoids of British phytophagous insects

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            Influence of landscape structure and stand age on species density and biomass of a tropical dry forest across spatial scales

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              Determinants of parasitoid abundance and diversity in woodland habitats

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                era
                Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios
                Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios
                Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Dirección de Investigación y Posgrado (Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico )
                2007-9028
                2007-901X
                August 2019
                : 6
                : 17
                : 195-205
                Affiliations
                [1] Conkal Yucatán orgnameTecnológico Nacional de México México
                Article
                S2007-90282019000200195
                10.19136/era.a6n17.1977
                f1903038-4ffc-4839-8d46-b0089d5649bb

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 31 August 2018
                : 28 January 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículo científico

                Campeche,diversidad,enemigos naturales,nuevos registros,Zea mays,natural enemies,new records,diversity

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