39
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      DETERMINACIÓN DEL RIESGO DE DESARROLLO DE SINDROME DE MENDELSON EN CIRUGÍA DE COORDINACIÓN

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          La aspiración pulmonar continúa siendo una de las complicaciones de mayor preocupación para el anestesiólogo. Un pH menor a 2,5 y un volumen gástrico mayor a 25 ml constituyen los "valores críticos" predisponentes para la producción del Síndrome de Mendelson. OBJETIVO: Determinar el riesgo de desarrollo de Síndrome de Mendelson en cirugía de coordinación. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo de una muestra de 22 pacientes de coordinación, sin patología gastroduodenal y que no estuvieran recibiendo fármacos con efectos gastrointestinales. Inmediatamente después de la intubación traqueal se colocó una sonda orogástrica y se extrajo el máximo contenido gástrico posible para medir su pH y volumen. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvieron medidas de volumen y pH gástrico en 16 pacientes. El tiempo de ayuno fue de 12.9 horas ± 2.4 horas (media ± desvío estándar). El pH hallado fue de 2.40 ± 2.01 (hombres 2.20 ± 2.16, y mujeres 2.66 ± 1.94). En 13 pacientes (81.3%) el pH fue menor a 2.5 (8 hombres y 5 mujeres). El volumen promedio extraído fue de 27.9 ml ± 23.2 ml (hombres 30.3 ml ± 30.2, y mujeres 24.7 ml ± 10.5 ml). 7 pacientes (43.8%) presentaron un volumen gástrico mayor a 25 ml (5 hombres y 2 mujeres). CONCLUSIONES: En la muestra estudiada encontramos un alto número de pacientes con un pH menor a 2.5 y un volumen gástrico mayor a 25 ml en el momento de la inducción anestésica, y por lo tanto con riesgo elevado, en caso de ocurrir una aspiración pulmonar, de desarrollar un Síndrome de Mendelson.

          Translated abstract

          Pulmonary aspiration is still one of the most important concerns for the anesthesiologist. The "critical risk values" of aspirate to cause Mendelson's Syndrome are a gastric pH smaller than 2.5 and a gastric volume greater than 25 ml. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determinate the number of patients at risk of Mendelson's Syndrome in elective surgery. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted of a sample of 22 patients scheduled for elective surgery, without gastro-duodenal pathology, and who were not receiving drugs with gastrointestinal effect. After tracheal intubation an orogastric tube was placed and it was extracted the maximum gastric content possible to measure pH and volume RESULTS: Gastric volume and pH were measured in 16 patients. Mean fasting time was 12.9 hours ± 2.4 hours (mean ± SD). Mean pH value was 2.40 ± 2.01 (men 2.20 ± 2.16, and women 2.66 ± 1.94). In 13 patients (81.3%) pH was smaller than 2.5 (8 men and 5 women). Average volume was 27.9 ml ± 23.2 ml (men 30.3 ml ± 30.2, and women 24.7 ml ± 10.5 ml). Seven patients (43.8%) presented a gastric volume greater than 25 ml (5 men and 2 women). CONCLUSIONS: This study found that there was a high number of patients with gastric content with a pH smaller than 2.5 and a volume greater than 25 ml, and therefore with elevated risk in case of pulmonary aspiration to develop a Mendelson Syndrome.

          Translated abstract

          A aspiração pulmonar continua sendo uma das complicações de maior preocupação para o anestesiologista. Um Ph menor que 2,5 e um volume gástrico maior que 25 ml constituem os valores críticos predisponentes para a produção da Síndrome de Mendelson. Objetivo : determinar o risco de desenvolvimento da Síndrome de Mendelson em cirurgias eletivas. Metodologia : Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo de uma amostra de 22 pacientes eletivos, sem patologia gastroduodenal e que não estavam recebendo fármacos com efeitos gastrointestinais. Imediatamente após a intubação traqueal foi introduzida uma sonda orogástrica e se extraiu o máximo de conteúdo gástrico possível, para medir seu Ph e volume. Resultados : Obtiveran-se medidas de volume e Ph gástrico em 16 pacientes. O tempo de jejum foi de 12,9 hs +/- 2,4 hs (média +/- desvio padrão). O Ph encontrado foi de 2,40 +/- 2,01 (homens 2,20 +/- 2,16 e mulheres 2,66 +/- 1,94). Em 13 pacientes (81,3%) o Ph foi menor que 2,5 (8 homens e 5 mulheres). O volume médio extraído foi de 27,9ml +/- 23,2ml (homens 30,3ml +/- 30,2ml e mulheres 24,7ml +/- 10,5ml), 7 pacientes (43,8%) apresentaram um volume gástrico maior que 25ml (5 homens e 2 mulheres). Conclusões : Na amostra estudada encontramos um alto número de pacientes com um Ph menor que 2,5 e um volume gástrico maior que 25ml no momento da indução anestésica, e portanto com risco elevado, em caso de ocorrer uma aspiração pulmonar, de desenvolver a Síndrome de Mendelson.

          Related collections

          Most cited references19

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          The aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs during obstetric anesthesia.

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Book: not found

            Las bases farmacológicas de la terapéutica

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              A comparison of rabeprazole, lansoprazole, and ranitidine for improving preoperative gastric fluid property in adults undergoing elective surgery.

              Acid aspiration syndrome at the induction of anesthesia is still a potentially life-threatening complication. Its severity is affected by both pH and volume of the gastric juice that is aspirated. We compared the effects of rabeprazole (a new proton pump inhibitor), lansoprazole, and ranitidine on gastric fluid properties in a prospective, randomized, double-blinded fashion in 180 adult patients undergoing elective surgery. Patients were divided into six groups (n = 30 in each) according to their premedication. Patients in each group received placebo-rabeprazole (PLA-RAB), rabeprazole-placebo (RAB-PLA), rabeprazole-rabeprazole (RAB-RAB), lansoprazole-lansoprazole (LAN-LAN), placebo-ranitidine (PLA-RAN), or placebo-placebo (PLA-PLA) for the first-second medication. Each dose of the study drug was 20 mg for rabeprazole, 30 mg for lansoprazole, and 150 mg for ranitidine. The first medication was given orally at 9:00 PM on the day before surgery and the second at 5:30 AM on the day of surgery. Each patient fasted overnight and took the drug with 20 mL of water. After tracheal intubation, gastric fluid was aspirated via an orogastric tube, and the volume and pH of the aspirate was measured. Preoperative gastric fluid acidity and volume were improved by the study drugs in the following order: PLA-RAN (pH 5.3, volume 0.10 mL/kg), RAB-RAB, LAN-LAN, PLA-RAB, and RAB-PLA (pH 3.8, volume 0.22 mL/kg). The proportion of patients at risk of acid aspiration syndrome according to the traditional criteria (pH 0.4 mL/kg) was minimized in Groups RAB-RAB and PLA-RAN (0%). We concluded that a single morning dose of ranitidine rather than two doses (bedtime and morning) of rabeprazole was the most effective premedicant to control gastric fluid properties and to minimize the risk of aspiration pneumonitis. Acid aspiration syndrome at the induction of anesthesia is rare but still a potentially life-threatening complication. We compared rabeprazole, lansoprazole, and ranitidine for reduction of preoperative gastric fluid acidity and volume in elective surgery and found that a combination of bedtime and morning doses of rabeprazole, or a morning dose of ranitidine, similarly minimized the variables. In adult patients who are at risk of aspirating gastric contents, improvement of gastric fluid environment by rabeprazole can reasonably be anticipated to provide protection against pneumonitis should regurgitation and aspiration of gastric contents occur.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                aar
                Anestesia Analgesia Reanimación
                Anest Analg Reanim
                Sociedad de Anestesiología del Uruguay (Montevideo )
                1688-1273
                December 2004
                : 19
                : 2
                : 4-9
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad de la República Uruguay
                [2 ] Universidad de la República
                Article
                S1688-12732004000200002
                f1921912-43e6-4d6c-96fa-0b596510454a

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Uruguay

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1688-1273&lng=en
                Categories
                ALLERGY
                ANESTHESIOLOGY
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
                SURGERY

                Surgery,Immunology,Anesthesiology & Pain management,Internal medicine
                Mendelson Syndrome,Síndrome de Mendelson,anestesia,pulmonary aspiration,anesthesia,aspiración pulmonar,aspiração pulmonar

                Comments

                Comment on this article