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      • Record: found
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      Lemongrass ( Cymbopogon flexuosus) essential oil demonstrated anti-inflammatory effect in pre-inflamed human dermal fibroblasts

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          Abstract

          Lemongrass ( Cymbopogon flexuosus) essential oil (LEO), which has citral as its main component, has exhibited anti-inflammatory effect in both animal and human cells. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of a commercially available LEO in pre-inflamed human dermal fibroblasts. We first studied the impact of LEO on 17 protein biomarkers that are critically associated with inflammation and tissue remodeling. LEO significantly inhibited production of the inflammatory biomarkers vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC), and monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG); decreased levels of the tissue remodeling biomarkers collagen-I and III, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1); and inhibited the immunomodulatory biomarker macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Furthermore, we studied the impact of LEO on genome-wide gene expression profiles. LEO significantly modulated global gene expression and robustly impacted signaling pathways, many of which are critical for inflammation and tissue remodeling processes. This study provides the first evidence of the anti-inflammatory activity of LEO in human skin cells and indicates that it is a good therapeutic candidate for treating inflammatory conditions of the skin.

          Highlights

          • •

            Lemongrass essential oil (LEO) was antiproliferative to human dermal fibroblasts.

          • •

            LEO inhibited the inflammatory molecules VCAM-1, IP-10, I-TAC, and MIG.

          • •

            LEO inhibited the tissue-remodeling molecules collagen-I and III, EGFR, and PAI-1.

          • •

            LEO inhibited the immunomodulatory molecule M-CSF.

          • •

            LEO impacted genome-wide gene expression profiles in human skin cells.

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          A re-annotation pipeline for Illumina BeadArrays: improving the interpretation of gene expression data

          Nuno Barbosa-Morais, Mark J Dunning, Shamith Samarajiwa … (2010)
          Illumina BeadArrays are among the most popular and reliable platforms for gene expression profiling. However, little external scrutiny has been given to the design, selection and annotation of BeadArray probes, which is a fundamental issue in data quality and interpretation. Here we present a pipeline for the complete genomic and transcriptomic re-annotation of Illumina probe sequences, also applicable to other platforms, with its output available through a Web interface and incorporated into Bioconductor packages. We have identified several problems with the design of individual probes and we show the benefits of probe re-annotation on the analysis of BeadArray gene expression data sets. We discuss the importance of aspects such as probe coverage of individual transcripts, alternative messenger RNA splicing, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, repeat sequences, RNA degradation biases and probes targeting genomic regions with no known transcription. We conclude that many of the Illumina probes have unreliable original annotation and that our re-annotation allows analyses to focus on the good quality probes, which form the majority, and also to expand the scope of biological information that can be extracted.
          Article 0 comments Cited 118 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil as a potent anti-inflammatory and antifungal drugs

            Mohamed Nadjib Boukhatem, Mohamed Amine Ferhat, Abdelkrim Kameli … (2014)
            Background Volatile oils obtained from lemon grass [Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Poaceae family] are used in traditional medicine as remedies for the treatment of various diseases. Aims In the present study, lemon grass essential oil (LGEO) was evaluated for its in vivo topical and oral anti-inflammatory effects, and for its in vitro antifungal activity using both liquid and vapor phases. Methods The chemical profile of LGEO as determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis revealed two major components: geranial (42.2%), and neral (31.5%). The antifungal activity of LGEO was evaluated against several pathogenic yeasts and filamentous fungi using disc diffusion and vapor diffusion methods. Results LGEO exhibited promising antifungal effect against Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and Aspergillus niger, with different inhibition zone diameters (IZDs) (35–90 mm). IZD increased with increasing oil volume. Significantly, higher anti-Candida activity was observed in the vapor phase. For the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect, LGEO (10 mg/kg, administered orally) significantly reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema with a similar effect to that observed for oral diclofenac (50 mg/kg), which was used as the positive control. Oral administration of LGEO showed dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, topical application of LGEO in vivo resulted in a potent anti-inflammatory effect, as demonstrated by using the mouse model of croton oil-induced ear edema. To our knowledge, this is the first such report to be published. The topical application of LGEO at doses of 5 and 10 µL/ear significantly reduced acute ear edema induced by croton oil in 62.5 and 75% of the mice, respectively. In addition, histological analysis clearly confirmed that LGEO inhibits the skin inflammatory response in animal models. Conclusion Results of the present study indicate that LGEO has a noteworthy potential for the development of drugs for the treatment of fungal infections and skin inflammation that should be explored in future studies.
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              A selective inhibitor reveals PI3Kγ dependence of T(H)17 cell differentiation.

              Daniel Leggate, Katrin Müller, Satoko Shimamura … (2012)
              We devised a high-throughput chemoproteomics method that enabled multiplexed screening of 16,000 compounds against native protein and lipid kinases in cell extracts. Optimization of one chemical series resulted in CZC24832, which is to our knowledge the first selective inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) with efficacy in in vitro and in vivo models of inflammation. Extensive target- and cell-based profiling of CZC24832 revealed regulation of interleukin-17-producing T helper cell (T(H)17) differentiation by PI3Kγ, thus reinforcing selective inhibition of PI3Kγ as a potential treatment for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
              Article 0 comments Cited 47 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Xuesheng Han
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biochim Open
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biochim Open
                Title: Biochimie Open
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Electronic): 2214-0085
                Publication date PMC-release: 21 March 2017
                Publication date Collection: June 2017
                Publication date (Electronic): 21 March 2017
                Volume: 4
                Pages: 107-111
                Affiliations
                [1]dōTERRA International, LLC, 389 S. 1300 W., Pleasant Grove, UT 84062, USA
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. lhan@ 123456doterra.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: S2214-0085(17)30010-X
                DOI: 10.1016/j.biopen.2017.03.004
                PMC ID: 5801909
                PubMed ID: 29450147
                SO-VID: f1ca05fb-b3e9-4045-9cbe-033674a2793b
                Copyright © © 2017 The Author(s)
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 11 January 2017
                Date accepted : 15 March 2017
                Categories
                Subject: Short communication

                Keywords: lemongrass essential oil,inflammation,tissue remodeling,genome-wide gene expression,vascular cell adhesion molecule 1,interferon gamma-induced protein 10
                Data availability:
                Keywords: lemongrass essential oil, inflammation, tissue remodeling, genome-wide gene expression, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, interferon gamma-induced protein 10

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