The development of residual stresses and strains in the matrix material of the extruded aluminium alloy EN AW-6061-T6 both with no reinforcement and also reinforced with 15vol.% and 22vol.% α-alumina particles was investigated in thermal cycling tests and additionally by finite-element-simulation for the non-reinforced material. For this purpose cylindrical specimens were heated by a 3kW diode laser and cooled by a water quench. Residual stresses in the surface area of the laser beam and temperature distribution inside the specimen were measured. The results were used to validate the finite-element model for calculating stress and strain distributions inside the specimens.