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      Factors related to psychopathological symptoms of female inmates of a prison in Lima Translated title: Factores relacionados a los síntomas psicopatológicos en internas de un establecimiento penitenciario de Lima

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          ABSTRACT

          Objectives:

          The objective is to know the relationship between age, time of incarceration, juridical situation, activity in prison, penitentiary classification and having or not children under eighteen years old, with the incidence of psychopathological symptoms of female inmates from a penitentiary in Lima.

          Materials and methods:

          The SCL-90-R was used to determinate the psychopathological symptoms in 388 female inmates. Correlations and comparisons were made.

          Results:

          Results show low negative correlation between age and depression, anxiety, hostility, psychoticism and PST; time of incarceration has a low negative correlation with depression, paranoid ideation and GSI. Comparisons show significant differences according juridical situation in interpersonal sensibility, depression, paranoid ideation, GSI and PSDI. According activity in prison differences were found in somatization, depression, anxiety, psychoticism, PST and GSI; and, according penitentiary classification differences were found in somatization, obsession compulsion, interpersonal sensibility, depression, anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, PST, GSI and PSDI. There were not differences between inmates with or without children under eighteen years old.

          Discussion:

          No overcrowding, accessibility of treatment, and cultural differences are related to the low scores obtained. The low correlations might be related to intermediate variables that were not observed and its recommended to observe in future research.

          RESUMEN

          Objetivos:

          El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer cómo se relacionan la edad, el tiempo de reclusión, la situación jurídica, la actividad desarrollada en el penal, la clasificación de la interna y tener hijos menores de edad, con la incidencia de síntomas psicopatológicos en internas de un establecimiento penitenciario de Lima.

          Materiales y métodos:

          Se empleó el Cuestionario de 90 Síntomas SCL-90 R para determinar los síntomas psicopatológicos en 388 internas, realizándose correlaciones y comparaciones con las variables sociodemográficas señaladas.

          Resultados:

          Los resultados muestran relaciones negativas bajas entre la edad y la depresión, la ansiedad, la hostilidad, el psicoticismo y el total de síntomas positivos (PST, Positive Symptom Total); el tiempo de reclusión se correlacionó negativamente de manera muy significativa con la depresión, la ideación paranoide y el índice de distrés de síntomas positivos (PSDI, Positive Symptom Distress Index). Las comparaciones realizadas muestran diferencias significativas según la situación jurídica en sensibilidad interpersonal, depresión, ideación paranoide, intensidad del sufrimiento psíquico (GSI, Global Severity Index, medida generalizada e indiscriminada de intensidad del sufrimiento psíquico y psicosomático global) y PSDI, según la actividad realizada en somatización, depresión, ansiedad, psicoticismo, PST y GSI; y según la clasificación en somatización, obsesión compulsión, sensibilidad interpersonal, depresión, ansiedad, ideación paranoide, psicoticismo, PST, GSI y PSDI. No se hallaron diferencias significativas entre las internas que tenían hijos menores de edad con las que no los tenían.

          Discusión:

          Las bajas puntuaciones obtenidas se atribuyen a que no hay hacinamiento, a la accesibilidad al tratamiento, y a diferencias culturales. Las bajas correlaciones encontradas hacen presumir la existencia de variables intermediarias no observadas que deben ser consideradas en estudios futuros.

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          Most cited references26

          • Record: found
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          Mental Illness and Mental Health: The Two Continua Model Across the Lifespan

          Mental health has long been defined as the absence of psychopathologies, such as depression and anxiety. The absence of mental illness, however, is a minimal outcome from a psychological perspective on lifespan development. This article therefore focuses on mental illness as well as on three core components of positive mental health: feelings of happiness and satisfaction with life (emotional well-being), positive individual functioning in terms of self-realization (psychological well-being), and positive societal functioning in terms of being of social value (social well-being). The two continua model holds that mental illness and mental health are related but distinct dimensions. This model was studied on the basis of a cross-sectional representative internet survey of Dutch adults (N = 1,340; 18–87 years). Mental illness was measured with the Brief Symptom Inventory and mental health with the Mental Health Continuum Short Form. It was found that older adults, except for the oldest-old, scored lower on psychopathological symptoms and were less likely to be mentally ill than younger adults. Although there were fewer age differences for mental health, older adults experienced more emotional, similar social and slightly lower psychological well-being. In sum, today’s older adults have fewer mental illness problems, but they are not in a better positive mental health than today’s younger adults. These findings support the validity of the two continua model in adult development.
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            Mental illness and mental health: the two continua model across the lifespan

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              Is Open Access

              Health issues of incarcerated women in the United States

              Abstract Health care within jails and prisons in the United States is typically insufficient to meet the medical and psychological needs of female inmates. Health services are often of low quality, especially in the areas of reproductive medicine. Mental illness, substance abuse, a trauma history, and sexual victimization while incarcerated can predict a more difficult adjustment to a correctional environment. Incarcerated women who are able to maintain contact with family members, especially children, can have a better prison adjustment. Recommendations are made to improve the types and quality of health care delivered to women in jails and prisons in countries around the world.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Esp Sanid Penit
                Rev Esp Sanid Penit
                sanipe
                Revista Española de Sanidad Penitenciaria
                Sociedad Española de Sanidad Penitenciaria
                1575-0620
                2013-6463
                Jan-Apr 2019
                01 June 2019
                : 21
                : 1
                : 11-17
                Affiliations
                [1] originalPsychology Unit of the Virgen de Fátima Prison, Lima (Peru). orgdiv1Psychology Unit orgnameVirgen de Fátima Prison Lima, Peru
                Author notes
                CORRESPONDENCE: Silvia Evelyn Esteban Febres. Establecimiento Penitenciario Virgen de Fátima. Lima (Perú) E-mail: estebanfebres19@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                00003
                10.4321/S1575-06202019000100003
                6788200
                31498855
                f1eeeb14-1a9c-4443-bb26-1b2da1fcd3e8

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

                History
                : 29 December 2017
                : 25 May 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 07
                Categories
                Original Articles

                prisons,women,surveys and questionnaires,psychopathology,mental health,depression,classification,statistics,nonparametric,prisiones,mujeres,encuestas y cuestionarios,psicopatología,salud mental,depresión,clasificación,estadísticas no paramétricas

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