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      La competencia de las autoridades sanitarias para restringir derechos en situación de crisis sanitaria Translated title: The competence of health authorities to take restrict measures on rights in a situation of health crisis

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          Abstract

          En este trabajo se realiza un breve análisis del fundamento constitucional de la protección a la salud (en particular el art. 43 en conexión con el 15 de la Constitución Española [CE]), de forma que no es necesario acudir a principios exógenos a una constitución normativa como la española, como el conocido y citado principio de necesidad bajo el aforismo Salus publica suprema lex esto, ya que encontramos en el propio texto constitucional la atribución a los poderes públicos de la competencia para organizar y tutelar la salud pública (art. 43 CE), pudiendo regular legalmente los deberes y obligaciones de los ciudadanos «en los casos de grave riesgo, catástrofe o calamidad pública» (art. 32.4 CE). Asimismo, se estudia el marco jurídico legal español sobre salud pública, incluyendo la Ley General de Sanidad y la Ley General de Salud Pública, con especial atención al art. 3 de la Ley Orgánica 3/1986, de 14 de abril, de medidas especiales en materia de salud pública, que atribuye una competencia suficientemente amplia a las autoridades sanitarias para poder adoptar, en una situación de crisis sanitaria como la actual, decisiones que, con las necesarias garantías jurídicas, supongan una restricción o limitación de derechos, incluso de derechos fundamentales, como puede ser el confinamiento, requiriéndose en este último caso una autorización o ratificación judicial. No obstante, se defiende también la conveniencia de una nueva ley orgánica que regule y precise el procedimiento y las garantías necesarias para llevar a cabo la adopción y el desarrollo de estas medidas.

          Translated abstract

          We carry out a brief analysis of the constitutional grounds on health protection (arts. 43 in connection with 15 of the Spanish Constitution [CE]), in the sense that we don’t need to consider exogenous principles to a normative constitution as the Spanish one, such as the known and cited principle of necessity, under the aphorism Salus publica suprema lex esto. We find in the constitutional text itself the attribution to the public powers of the competence to organize and protect public health (art. 43 CE), therefore public powers are able to regulate by law the duties and obligations of citizens «in cases of serious risk, catastrophe or public calamity» (art. 32(4) CE). Moreover, we study the Spanish legal framework on public health, including the General Sanitary Law, the General Public Health Law, with a special attention to the art. 3 of Organic Law 3/1986, 14 April, on special measures in the field of public health, which attributes to the health authorities a huge competence to be able to adopt, in a situation of sanitary crisis such as the current one, decisions that, with the necessary guarantees, suppose a restriction or limitation of rights, including fundamental ones as in the case of confinement. These limitations on fundamental rights require a judicial authorization or ratification. However, we also consider the convenience of a new organic law to regulate in detail the procedure and the legal guarantees to carry out the adoption and development of these measures.

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          Algunas reflexiones sobre la autorización o ratificación judicial de medidas sanitarias al hilo de la aprobación de actos plúrimos para hacer frente a la Covid-19

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            Introducción al derecho constitucional

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              Los derechos fundamentales en tiempos del coronavirus. Régimen general y garantías y especial atención a las restricciones de excepcionalidad ordinaria

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Gac Sanit
                Gac Sanit
                Gaceta Sanitaria
                SESPAS. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.
                0213-9111
                1578-1283
                14 September 2020
                14 September 2020
                Affiliations
                [0005]Departamento de Derecho Constitucional, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, España
                Article
                S0213-9111(20)30196-5
                10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.07.009
                7489873
                f250f7b5-ecc4-4f16-a3b4-4ebda5538ef8
                © 2020 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                : 14 July 2020
                : 21 July 2020
                Categories
                Articulo Especial

                covid-19,crisis sanitaria,autoridades sanitarias,medidas sanitarias,confinamiento,control judicial,health crisis,public health authorities,health measures,confinement,judicial review

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