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      Association of 4-hydroxynonenal with classical adipokines and insulin resistance in a Chinese non-diabetic obese population Translated title: Asociación del hydroxynonenal 4 con las adipoquinas clásicas y la resistencia a la insulina en una población china obesa no diabética

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          Abstract

          Abstract Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide. Oxidative stress plays an etiological role in a variety of obesity-related metabolic disorders. 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is the most abundant and reactive aldehydic product derived from the peroxidation of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with diverse biological effects that are not well detailed. Obesity is associated with decreased plasma adiponectin concentrations and increased production of lipid peroxidation products, including 4-HNE, in adipose tissue. There may be some association between the level of adipokines and 4-HNE. Material and methods: To analyze the associations between 4-HNE and classical adipokines, namely, adiponectin and leptin in a Chinese population, the plasma 4-HNE, adiponectin and leptin levels of 160 non-diabetic obese (NDO) patients and 160 healthy subjects were determined by ELISA, and their associations with adiposity, glucose, lipid profiles, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity were studied. Results: Plasma 4-HNE levels were significantly increased in patients with NDO compared with healthy controls (p < 0.01). 4-HNE was negatively correlated with adiponectin and positively correlated with leptin. The plasma levels of 4-HNE were significantly correlated to several parameters involved in body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR). The 4-HNE levels were positively correlated with BMI and negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity. Conclusion: We conclude that 4-HNE is associated with the secretion of adiponectin and leptin and is correlated with IR in NDO humans. These findings indicate a pro-inflammatory role of 4-HNE in NDO patients, which supports the potential role of 4-HNE in the development of obesity-related disorders.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Introducción: la prevalencia de la obesidad está aumentando en todo el mundo. El estrés oxidativo desempeña un papel etiológico en una variedad de desórdenes metabólicos relacionados con la obesidad. El hydroxynonenal 4 (4-HNE) es el aldehido más abundante y más reactivo derivado de la peroxidación de los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados n-6, con efectos biológicos diversos que no son bien conocidos. La obesidad se asocia a concentraciones disminuidas de adiponectinas en el plasma y a un aumento en los productos de la peroxidación lipídica, incluyendo el 4-HNE, en tejido adiposo. Puede haber una cierta asociación entre el nivel de adipoquinas y el 4-HNE. Material y métodos: para analizar las asociaciones entre 4-HNE y las adipoquinas clásicas, adiponectina y leptina se determinaron por ELISA los niveles de adiponectina y de leptina, así como de 4-HNE, en una población de 160 pacientes chinos obesos no diabéticos (NDO) y de 160 controles sanos, y se estudió su asociación con adiposidad, perfil glucémico y lipídico, secreción de la insulina y sensibilidad de la insulina. Resultados: los niveles de 4-HNE aumentaron significativamente en los pacientes con NDO comparado con los controles sanos (p < 0,01). El nivel de 4-HNE se correlacionó negativamente con la adiponectina y positivamente con la leptina. Los niveles de 4-HNE se correlacionan positivamente con el IMC y negativamente con la sensibilidad a la insulina. Conclusión: concluimos que el 4-HNE está asociado a la secreción de adiponectina y de leptina y correlacionado con la resistencia a la insulina en sujetos obesos no diabéticos. Estos resultados indican un papel proinflamatorio del 4-HNE en pacientes NDO, que apoya el papel potencial del 4-HNE en el desarrollo de alteraciones relacionadas con la obesidad.

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          Role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications: a new perspective on an old paradigm

          Oxidative stress and oxidative damage to tissues are common end points of chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis. The question addressed in this review is whether increased oxidative stress has a primary role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications or whether it is a secondary indicator of end-stage tissue damage in diabetes. The increase in glycoxidation and lipoxidation products in plasma and tissue proteins suggests that oxidative stress is increased in diabetes. However, some of these products, such as 3-deoxyglucosone adducts to lysine and arginine residues, are formed independent of oxidation chemistry. Elevated levels of oxidizable substrates may also explain the increase in glycoxidation and lipoxidation products in tissue proteins, without the necessity of invoking an increase in oxidative stress. Further, age-adjusted levels of oxidized amino acids, a more direct indicator of oxidative stress, are not increased in skin collagen in diabetes. We propose that the increased chemical modification of proteins by carbohydrates and lipids in diabetes is the result of overload on metabolic pathways involved in detoxification of reactive carbonyl species, leading to a general increase in steady-state levels of reactive carbonyl compounds formed by both oxidative and nonoxidative reactions. The increase in glycoxidation and lipoxidation of tissue proteins in diabetes may therefore be viewed as the result of increased carbonyl stress. The distinction between oxidative and carbonyl stress is discussed along with the therapeutic implications of this difference.
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            Inverse relationship between plasma adiponectin and leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese women.

            Adiponectin, a novel adipocyte-derived collagen-like protein, is the gene product of the adipose most-abundant gene transcript 1 (apM1), which has been considered to have anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects. To characterize the relationship between adiponectin and leptin, the ob gene product, in normal-weight and obese women. In this cross-sectional study, we measured fasting plasma adiponectin by ELISA, leptin concentrations by RIA, and related parameters such as blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass, lipids, fasting blood glucose and insulin in 353 non-diabetic adult women with a wide range of BMI values. Plasma adiponectin concentrations in women with the highest tertile of BMI (at least 25.0 kg/m(2)) were decreased compared with those in the middle (22.0-25.0 kg/m(2)) or lowest (
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              Modulation of insulin activities by leptin.

              Leptin mediates its effects on food intake through the hypothalamic form of its receptor OB-R. Variants of OB-R are found in other tissues, but their function is unknown. Here, an OB-R variant was found in human hepatic cells. Exposure of these cells to leptin, at concentrations comparable with those present in obese individuals, caused attenuation of several insulin-induced activities, including tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), association of the adapter molecule growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 with IRS-1, and down-regulation of gluconeogenesis. In contrast, leptin increased the activity of IRS-1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. These in vitro studies raise the possibility that leptin modulates insulin activities in obese individuals.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                nh
                Nutrición Hospitalaria
                Nutr. Hosp.
                Grupo Arán (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0212-1611
                1699-5198
                April 2017
                : 34
                : 2
                : 363-368
                Affiliations
                [4] Heilongjiang orgnameHarbin Medical University orgdiv1Teaching Experiment Center of Morphology China
                [3] Heilongjiang orgnameHarbin Medical University orgdiv1Department of Environmental Hygiene China
                [1] Heilongjiang orgnameHarbin Medical University orgdiv1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism China
                [2] Heilongjiang orgnameHarbin Medical University orgdiv1Department of Histology and Embryology China
                Article
                S0212-16112017000200363
                10.20960/nh.212
                f255dc76-c304-4695-ab0b-01e949fa561d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 September 2016
                : 01 June 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                Metabolismo.,Adipoquina,Inflammation,Obesidad,Insulin resistance,Resistencia de insulina,Inflamación,Metabolism.,Adipokine,Obesity

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