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      Reaproveitamento de resíduo de placas de circuito impresso como cargas em compósitos de polipropileno Translated title: Reuse of waste printed circuit boards as fillers in polypropylene composites

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          Abstract

          RESUMO As placas de circuito impresso (PCIs) são as partes mais valiosas dos resíduos eletrônicos, pois possuem uma considerável quantidade de metais com potencial de recuperação. Processos de reciclagem com o intuito de recuperar metais de PCIs têm despertado interesse ultimamente. Contudo, uma fração destes resíduos não é completamente aproveitada e tem destino incerto, como ocorre para a fração não-metálica e o pó gerados durante os processos de recuperação de metais. O foco deste estudo foi o emprego do pó gerado nos processos de cominuição mecânica, separação granulométrica, magnética e eletrostática de PCIs controladoras e indicadoras de temperatura de câmaras frias, para obter compósitos de matriz de polipropileno (PP) com diferentes teores de pó de PCIs, 5, 10 e 20% em massa. Os materiais foram pesados, misturados, moldados por injeção e posteriormente caracterizados por ensaios de tração, dureza Shore D, espectroscopia de infravermelho, análise termogravimétrica e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os resultados dos ensaios de tração e dureza indicaram propriedades levemente superiores às do PP puro, exceto para a deformação na ruptura, que foi reduzido em até 2,7 vezes para a amostra com 20% de resíduo. O desenvolvimento de compósitos utilizando o pó de PCIs se mostrou viável em aplicações onde as propriedades resistência à tração, rigidez e dureza são determinantes, mesmo para um elevado teor de resíduo (20%) agregado.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are the most valuable parts of e-waste because they have a considerable amount of metals with recovery potential. Recycling processes aimed at recovering metals from PCBs have aroused great interest recently. However, there is a fraction of this waste that is not utilized and has uncertain destination, e.g. the non-metallic fraction and the dust generated during metal recovery processes. The focus of this study was to employ the powder generated in the mechanical comminution, granulometric, magnetic and electrostatic separation processes of controller and temperature indicator PCBs of cold rooms to obtain polypropylene (PP) matrix composites with distinct PCBs powder content, 5, 10 and 20% in weight. The sample was collected during the mechanical comminution processes. The materials were weighed, mixed, injection molded and later characterized using tensile tests, Shore D hardness, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Results of the tensile and hardness tests showed properties slightly superior to pure PP, except for strain at break, which was reduced up to 2.7 times for the sample with 20% of residue. In all, the development of composites using the powder of PCBs was considered feasible for applications where tensile strength, stiffness and hardness are important, even for a large amount of residue added (20%).

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          Most cited references22

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          Waste Printed Circuit Boards recycling: an extensive assessment of current status

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            Recycling of WEEE: characterization of spent printed circuit boards from mobile phones and computers.

            This paper presents a comparison between printed circuit boards from computers and mobile phones. Since printed circuits boards are becoming more complex and smaller, the amount of materials is constantly changing. The main objective of this work was to characterize spent printed circuit boards from computers and mobile phones applying mineral processing technique to separate the metal, ceramic, and polymer fractions. The processing was performed by comminution in a hammer mill, followed by particle size analysis, and by magnetic and electrostatic separation. Aqua regia leaching, loss-on-ignition and chemical analysis (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy - ICP-OES) were carried out to determine the composition of printed circuit boards and the metal rich fraction. The composition of the studied mobile phones printed circuit boards (PCB-MP) was 63 wt.% metals; 24 wt.% ceramics and 13 wt.% polymers; and of the printed circuit boards from studied personal computers (PCB-PC) was 45 wt.% metals; 27 wt.% polymers and ceramics 28 wt.% ceramics. The chemical analysis showed that copper concentration in printed circuit boards from personal computers was 20 wt.% and in printed circuit boards from mobile phones was 34.5 wt.%. According to the characteristics of each type of printed circuit board, the recovery of precious metals may be the main goal of the recycling process of printed circuit boards from personal computers and the recovery of copper should be the main goal of the recycling process of printed circuit boards from mobile phones. Hence, these printed circuit boards would not be mixed prior treatment. The results of this paper show that copper concentration is increasing in mobile phones and remaining constant in personal computers. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Printed circuit board recycling: A patent review

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmat
                Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)
                Matéria (Rio J.)
                Rede Latino-Americana de Materiais (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1517-7076
                2020
                : 25
                : 3
                : e-12832
                Affiliations
                [02] Novo Hamburgo Rio Grande do Sul orgnameUniversidade Feevale Brasil
                [01] Farroupilha Rio Grande do Sul orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul orgdiv1Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais Brazil
                Article
                S1517-70762020000300351 S1517-7076(20)02500300351
                10.1590/s1517-707620200003.1132
                f28f189f-dd59-4ed2-bf59-60c791c8658a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 March 2020
                : 14 January 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Texto completo somente em PDF (PT)
                Categories
                Artigos

                Resíduos eletrônicos,Composites,E-waste,Printed circuit boards,Reciclagem,Compósitos,Recycling,Placas de circuito impresso

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