Root Bark of  Paeonia suffruticosa  Extract and Its Component Methyl Gallate Possess Peroxynitrite Scavenging Activity and Anti-Inflammatory Properties through NF-κB Inhibition in LPS-treated Mice

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Abstract

A peroxynitrite (ONOO ⁻)-generating system induced by 3-morpholinosydnonimine, was used to evaluate the ONOO ⁻ scavenging properties of plants that have been widely used as traditional medicine in Korea for the treatment of several diseases. The most effective medicinal plants were Paeonia suffruticosa Andrew, followed in order by Lonicera japonica Thunb., Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe, and Pueraria thunbergiana Benth. In addition, root bark of P. suffruticosa was partitioned with organic solvents of different polarities, and the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction showed the strongest ONOO ⁻ scavenging activity. Methyl gallate, a plant-derived phenolic compound identified from the EtOAc fraction, exerted strong ONOO ⁻ scavenging activity. The in vivo therapeutic potential of methyl gallate was investigated using lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. Oral administration of methyl gallate protected against acute renal injury and exhibited potential anti-inflammatory properties through an increase in antioxidant activity and decrease in nuclear factor-kappa B activity.

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Positive and negative regulation of insulin signaling by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.

Nava Bashan, Julia Kovsan, Ilana Kachko … (2009)

Regulated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) adequately balanced by antioxidant systems is a prerequisite for the participation of these active substances in physiological processes, including insulin action. Yet, increasing evidence implicates ROS and RNS as negative regulators of insulin signaling, rendering them putative mediators in the development of insulin resistance, a common endocrine abnormality that accompanies obesity and is a risk factor of type 2 diabetes. This review deals with this dual, seemingly contradictory, function of ROS and RNS in regulating insulin action: the major processes for ROS and RNS generation and detoxification are presented, and a critical review of the evidence that they participate in the positive and negative regulation of insulin action is provided. The cellular and molecular mechanisms by which ROS and RNS are thought to participate in normal insulin action and in the induction of insulin resistance are then described. Finally, we explore the potential usefulness and the challenges in modulating the oxidant-antioxidant balance as a potentially promising, but currently disappointing, means of improving insulin action in insulin resistance-associated conditions, leading causes of human morbidity and mortality of our era.

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The resolution of inflammation: anti-inflammatory roles for NF-kappaB.

Toby Lawrence, Carol H.Y. Fong (2010)

Inflammation is a salutary response to insult or injury that normally resolves with no detriment to the host. While the mechanisms and mediators that regulate the onset of inflammation have been well characterized we still know relatively little about the endogenous mechanisms that terminate the inflammatory response (Lawrence and Gilroy, 2007). Nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB is a generic term for a family of ubiquitous transcription factors with diverse physiological functions (Bonizzi and Karin, 2004; Caamano and Hunter, 2002). NF-kappaB transcription factors are formed by dimerisation of Rel proteins; RelA (p65), c-Rel, RelB, p50, p52. Various hetero or homodimers of Rel proteins can be formed in a tissue and stimulus specific manner, genetic evidence suggests these transcription factors have a critical role in cell survival and pro-inflammatory signalling pathways, which have been extensively reviewed elsewhere (Bonizzi and Karin, 2004; Caamano and Hunter, 2002). The critical role for NF-kappaB in pro-inflammatory gene expression has led to an enormous effort to develop inhibitors of this pathway for the treatment of chronic inflammation (Karin et al., 2004). However, recent research using modern molecular genetic approaches has revealed new anti-inflammatory roles for NF-kappaB that may have important implications for targeting this pathway in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In this review we will discuss the emerging role of NF-kappaB in the resolution of inflammation and some of the potential mechanisms attributed to this function.

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The reduction of cytochrome c by milk xanthine oxidase.

I Fridovich, Timothy McCord (1968)

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Journal ID (nlm-ta): Molecules

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Molecules

Journal ID (publisher-id): molecules

Title: Molecules

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 1420-3049

Publication date (Electronic): 25 September 2019

Publication date Collection: October 2019

Volume: 24

Issue: 19

Electronic Location Identifier: 3483

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, 27, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Korea; 26spirit@ 123456daum.net

[2 ]Longevity Life Science and Technology Institutes, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; king2046@ 123456daum.net

[3 ]Department of Medicinal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 369-873, Korea; ptman123@ 123456korea.kr

[4 ]Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan

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[* ]Correspondence: yokozawa@ 123456inm.u-toyama.ac.jp (T.Y.); kyjjc1931@ 123456daum.net (J.-C.J.); Tel.: +82-31-961-9034 (J.-C.J.); Fax: +82-31-961-9009 (J.-C.J.)

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Chan Hum Park https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1183-7159

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Publisher ID: molecules-24-03483

DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193483

PMC ID: 6804175

PubMed ID: 31557976

SO-VID: f2bfee99-03d5-4daa-a835-85d7845b9a5f

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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Root Bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Extract and Its Component Methyl Gallate Possess Peroxynitrite Scavenging Activity and Anti-Inflammatory Properties through NF-κB Inhibition in LPS-treated Mice

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Most cited references 35

Positive and negative regulation of insulin signaling by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.

The resolution of inflammation: anti-inflammatory roles for NF-kappaB.

The reduction of cytochrome c by milk xanthine oxidase.

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