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      Mortality associated with COVID‐19 and hypertension in sub‐Saharan Africa. A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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          Abstract

          Hypertension is a common comorbidity in COVID‐19 patients. However, little data is available on mortality in COVID‐19 patients with hypertension in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Herein, the authors conducted a systematic review of research articles published from January 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021. Our aim was to evaluate the magnitude of COVID‐19 mortality in patients with hypertension in SSA. Following the PRISMA guidelines, two independent investigators conducted the literature review to collect relevant data. The authors used a random effect model to estimate the odds ratio, or hazard ratio, with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Furthermore, the authors used Egger's tests to check for publication bias. For mortality analysis, the authors included data on 29 945 COVID‐19 patients from seven publications. The authors assessed the heterogeneity across studies with the I 2 test. Finally, the pooled analysis revealed that hypertension was associated with an increased odds of mortality among COVID‐19 inpatients (OR 1.32; 95% CI, 1.13–1.50). Our analysis revealed neither substantial heterogeneity across studies nor a publication bias. Therefore, our prespecified results provided new evidence that hypertension could increase the risk of mortality from COVID‐19 in SSA.

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          Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China

          Abstract Background Since December 2019, when coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China, data have been needed on the clinical characteristics of the affected patients. Methods We extracted data regarding 1099 patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 from 552 hospitals in 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in mainland China through January 29, 2020. The primary composite end point was admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), the use of mechanical ventilation, or death. Results The median age of the patients was 47 years; 41.9% of the patients were female. The primary composite end point occurred in 67 patients (6.1%), including 5.0% who were admitted to the ICU, 2.3% who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation, and 1.4% who died. Only 1.9% of the patients had a history of direct contact with wildlife. Among nonresidents of Wuhan, 72.3% had contact with residents of Wuhan, including 31.3% who had visited the city. The most common symptoms were fever (43.8% on admission and 88.7% during hospitalization) and cough (67.8%). Diarrhea was uncommon (3.8%). The median incubation period was 4 days (interquartile range, 2 to 7). On admission, ground-glass opacity was the most common radiologic finding on chest computed tomography (CT) (56.4%). No radiographic or CT abnormality was found in 157 of 877 patients (17.9%) with nonsevere disease and in 5 of 173 patients (2.9%) with severe disease. Lymphocytopenia was present in 83.2% of the patients on admission. Conclusions During the first 2 months of the current outbreak, Covid-19 spread rapidly throughout China and caused varying degrees of illness. Patients often presented without fever, and many did not have abnormal radiologic findings. (Funded by the National Health Commission of China and others.)
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            Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses.

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              Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                benbepouka@gmail.com
                Journal
                J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)
                J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)
                10.1111/(ISSN)1751-7176
                JCH
                The Journal of Clinical Hypertension
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                1524-6175
                1751-7176
                27 January 2022
                February 2022
                : 24
                : 2 ( doiID: 10.1111/jch.v24.2 )
                : 99-105
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Infectious Diseases Unit Kinshasa University Hospital Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Kinshasa USA
                [ 2 ] Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology (FMOS) University of Sciences Techniques & Technologies of Bamako (USTTB) Bamako Mali
                [ 3 ] Pneumology Unit Kinshasa University Hospital Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa, DRC Kinshasa USA
                [ 4 ] Department of Medicine Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; and Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Ben Bepouka MD, Infectious Diseases Unit, Kinshasa University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.

                Email: benbepouka@ 123456gmail.com

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3063-4234
                Article
                JCH14417
                10.1111/jch.14417
                8845466
                35083847
                f3356171-077b-4b6e-be3c-d8f5da2b45d4
                © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension published by Wiley Periodicals LLC

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

                History
                : 04 December 2021
                : 28 October 2021
                : 10 December 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 3, Pages: 7, Words: 3998
                Categories
                Original Article
                Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                February 2022
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.1.1 mode:remove_FC converted:15.02.2022

                africa,covid‐19,hypertension,mortality
                africa, covid‐19, hypertension, mortality

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