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      Post-marital residence patterns and the timing of reproduction: evidence from a matrilineal society

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          Abstract

          Humans exhibit a broad range of post-marital residence patterns and there is growing recognition that post-marital residence predicts women's reproductive success; however, the nature of the relationship is probably dependent on whether co-resident kin are cooperators or competitors. Here, we explore this relationship in a Tibetan population, where couples practice a mixture of post-marital residence patterns, co-residing in the same village with the wife's parents, the husband's parents or endogamously with both sets of parents. Using detailed demographic data from 17 villages we find that women who live with only their own parents have an earlier age at first birth (AFB) and age at last birth (ALB) than women who live with only their parents-in-law. Women who co-reside with both sets of parents have the earliest AFB and ALB. However, those with co-resident older siblings postponed reproduction, suggestive of competition-related delay. Shifts to earlier reproductive timing were also observed in relation to the imposition of family planning policies, in line with Fisherian expectations. Our study provides evidence of the costs and benefits to women's direct fitness of co-residing with different kin, against a backdrop of adaptive responses to cultural constraints on completed fertility.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Visualization
                Role: Data curation
                Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: Project administrationRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – review & editing
                Journal
                Proc Biol Sci
                Proc Biol Sci
                RSPB
                royprsb
                Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
                The Royal Society
                0962-8452
                1471-2954
                March 29, 2023
                March 22, 2023
                March 22, 2023
                : 290
                : 1995
                : 20230159
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, , Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
                [ 2 ] Department of Anthropology, University College London, , London, UK
                [ 3 ] BirthRites Independent Max Planck Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, , Leipzig, Germany
                [ 4 ] Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, , London, UK
                Author notes

                Electronic supplementary material is available online at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6456192.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9950-9055
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0542-7540
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0973-1569
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-7739
                Article
                rspb20230159
                10.1098/rspb.2023.0159
                10031416
                36946117
                f3b9060c-2c2d-449d-aee8-d9ccbcb58a8b
                © 2023 The Authors.

                Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : January 20, 2023
                : Feburary 22, 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: H2020 European Research Council, http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663;
                Award ID: 834597
                Categories
                1001
                14
                Behaviour
                Research Articles
                Custom metadata
                March 29, 2023

                Life sciences
                post-marital residence,age at first birth,age at last birth,reproductive success
                Life sciences
                post-marital residence, age at first birth, age at last birth, reproductive success

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