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      Desprendimiento de retina: la importancia del cribado de la agudeza visual Translated title: Retinal detachment: the importance of visual acuity screening

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          Abstract

          Resumen El desprendimiento de retina es una patología infrecuente en Pediatría y presenta diferencias con respecto a los casos que se dan en la edad adulta. Predomina en varones escolares. El subtipo más frecuente es el regmatógeno y la principal causa son los traumatismos, sin olvidar otras causas como las sindrómicas y lesiones no accidentales. El abordaje de esta patología es quirúrgico, aunque el éxito anatómico de la cirugía no implica buen resultado funcional. Presentamos el caso de un niño en el que se detectó una disminución unilateral importante de la agudeza visual en consulta programada.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The retinal detachment is an infrequent pathology in pediatrics and presents differences with the cases that occur in adulthood. It predominates in school-age boys. The most frequent subtype is rhegmatogenous and the main cause is trauma, without forgetting other causes such as syndromic and non-accidental injuries. The approach to this pathology is surgical, although the anatomical success of the surgery does not imply a good functional result. We present the case of a child in whom a significant unilateral decrease in visual acuity was detected in a scheduled consultation.

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          Most cited references5

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          Paediatric vs adult retinal detachment.

          To evaluate the causes, incidences, characteristics, and treatment outcomes of paediatric vs adult retinal detachment. One hundred and sixty (136 patients) out of 2408 consecutive retinal detachments (6.6%) at our facility occurred in children under the age of 18 years. Of them, 144 eyes (90%) of 127 (93%) children were treated and compared with a sample of 56 consecutive retinal detachments in 50 adults (over the age of 18 years). The parameters for comparison included cause, type of retinal detachment, its extent, macular involvement, number of tears, number and types of surgery, and the anatomic and functional surgical outcome. Statistically significant differences were found in the type of retinal detachment. Rhegmatogenous RD was less common (P=0.004), and exudative RD was more common (P=0.021) in the paediatric group. Ocular trauma and ocular syndromes were more common in the paediatric group (P 20/400, last visual acuity of >20/40, and retinal complete reattachment were higher in adults (P<0.001). The type of retinal detachment, causes and outcomes were statistically different between paediatric and adult cases. The less successful functional and anatomical outcomes of retinal detachment surgery in children may reflect the different aetiologies and indicate the need for aetiology-specific treatment strategies according to each aetiology.
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            Paediatric retinal detachment: a review

            Paediatric retinal detachment (PRD) is an uncommon and challenging disease; it differs from adult detachments in etiology, anatomical characteristics, management and prognosis. PRDs can be particularly challenging, even for the most expert paediatric surgeons due to the higher prevalence of total retinal detachments, late diagnosis and bilateral involvement with respect to those which occur in adulthood. Moreover, the anatomical success, when achieved, is frequently not related to a functional recover. Postsurgical adverse events, refractive errors and amblyopia may additionally undermine the final outcome. Up to date there are few reviews regarding the approach of retinal detachment in children, mainly dealing with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. In this review, rhegmatogenous, retinopathy of prematurity-related and Coats'-related PRDs were considered. The available literature from the last decades were reviewed and summarized. Epidemiology, etiology and clinical presentation, together with therapeutic approaches and outcomes have been reviewed and discussed.
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              Valoración de la agudeza visual

              Resumen El método preferido de cribado visual entre los tres y los cinco años es la medida directa de la agudeza visual con optotipos. En el presente trabajo se describe el procedimiento de valoración de la agudeza visual con optotipos, se analizan los requisitos que deben cumplir los optotipos más adecuados y se actualizan los criterios de derivación a oftalmología de acuerdo con las recomendaciones más recientes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pap
                Pediatría Atención Primaria
                Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria
                Asociación Española de Pediatría de Atención Primaria (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1139-7632
                December 2021
                : 23
                : 92
                : 421-423
                Affiliations
                [1] Valladolid orgnameHospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid España
                [3] Valladolid orgnameHospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid orgdiv1Servicio de Oftalmología España
                [2] Valladolid orgnameCentro de Salud Pilarica España
                [4] Valladolid Castilla y León orgnameUniversidad de Valladolid orgdiv1Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA) Spain
                Article
                S1139-76322021000400016 S1139-7632(21)02309200016
                f42f0389-db8a-4076-89ea-e59c6f701535

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 5, Pages: 3
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Notas Clínicas

                Retinal detachment,Visual acuity,Desprendimiento de retina,Agudeza visual

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