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      Lipidomic analysis of plasma samples from women with polycystic ovary syndrome

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          Abstract

          Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder affecting between 5 and 18 % of females of reproductive age and can be diagnosed based on a combination of clinical, ultrasound and biochemical features, none of which on its own is diagnostic. A lipidomic approach using liquid chromatography coupled with accurate mass high-resolution mass-spectrometry (LC-HRMS) was used to investigate if there were any differences in plasma lipidomic profiles in women with PCOS compared with control women at different stages of menstrual cycle. Plasma samples from 40 women with PCOS and 40 controls aged between 18 and 40 years were analysed in combination with multivariate statistical analyses. Multivariate data analysis (LASSO regression and OPLS-DA) of the sample lipidomics datasets showed a weak prediction model for PCOS versus control samples from the follicular and mid-cycle phases of the menstrual cycle, but a stronger model (specificity 85 % and sensitivity 95 %) for PCOS versus the luteal phase menstrual cycle controls. The PCOS vs luteal phase model showed increased levels of plasma triglycerides and sphingomyelins and decreased levels of lysophosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines in PCOS women compared with controls. Lipid biomarkers of PCOS were tentatively identified which may be useful in distinguishing PCOS from controls especially when performed during the menstrual cycle luteal phase.

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          The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11306-014-0726-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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          Most cited references23

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          Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome.

          (2003)
          Since the 1990 National Institutes of Health-sponsored conference on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), it has become appreciated that the syndrome encompasses a broader spectrum of signs and symptoms of ovarian dysfunction than those defined by the original diagnostic criteria. The 2003 Rotterdam consensus workshop concluded that PCOS is a syndrome of ovarian dysfunction along with the cardinal features hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary (PCO) morphology. PCOS remains a syndrome, and as such no single diagnostic criterion (such as hyperandrogenism or PCO) is sufficient for clinical diagnosis. Its clinical manifestations may include menstrual irregularities, signs of androgen excess, and obesity. Insulin resistance and elevated serum LH levels are also common features in PCOS. PCOS is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events.
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            Metabonomics reveals plasma metabolic changes and inflammatory marker in polycystic ovary syndrome patients.

            Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, clinically heterogeneous endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, associated with endocrinopathy and metabolic abnormalities. Although some metabolic parameters have been investigated, very little information has been reported on the changes of small metabolites in biofluids. The aim of this study was to establish the metabolic profile of PCOS and compare it with that of controls. In this cross-sectional study of 34 women with PCOS and 36 controls, contents of small metabolites and lipids in plasma samples were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based techniques and analyzed using multivariate statistical methods. Significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the levels of amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, methionine, glutamine, and arginine), citrate, choline, and glycerophosphocholine/phosphocholine (GPC/PC), and increase (P < 0.05) in the levels of lactate, dimethylamine (DMA), creatine, and N-acetyl glycoproteins were observed in PCOS patients compared with the controls. Subgroups of patients with obesity, metabolic syndrome, or hyperandrogenism exhibited greater metabolic deviations than their corresponding subgroups without these factors. PCOS patients have perturbations in amino acid metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and gut microflora, as well as mild disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism. The elevated level of N-acetyl glycoproteins demonstrates the existence of low-grade chronic inflammation in PCOS patients.
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              Thirty-seven candidate genes for polycystic ovary syndrome: Strongest evidence for linkage is with follistatin

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                david.barrett@nottingham.ac.uk
                0115 82 30712 , william.atiomo@nottingham.ac.uk
                Journal
                Metabolomics
                Metabolomics
                Metabolomics
                Springer US (New York )
                1573-3882
                1573-3890
                17 August 2014
                17 August 2014
                2015
                : 11
                : 3
                : 657-666
                Affiliations
                [ ]Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
                [ ]School of Medicine, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
                [ ]School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, LE12 5RD UK
                [ ]MetaboConsult UK, Derby, UK
                Article
                726
                10.1007/s11306-014-0726-y
                4419155
                25972770
                f4a78fba-a05b-43ac-b354-54edee27cc5a
                © The Author(s) 2014

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.

                History
                : 5 June 2014
                : 9 August 2014
                Categories
                Original Article
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015

                Molecular biology
                polycystic ovary syndrome,lipidomics,biomarkers,menstrual cycle
                Molecular biology
                polycystic ovary syndrome, lipidomics, biomarkers, menstrual cycle

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