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      Call for Papers: Sex and Gender in Neurodegenerative Diseases

      Submit here before September 30, 2024

      About Neurodegenerative Diseases: 3.0 Impact Factor I 4.3 CiteScore I 0.695 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      MMP9 rs17576 Is Simultaneously Correlated with Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis and White Matter Hyperintensities in Chinese Population

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          Abstract

          Purpose: The aim of this study was screening for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS) patients and exploring a possible connection in the genetic background between macrovascular disease and small vessel disease. Methods: There were 400 sICAS patients enrolled in the study. Fazekas scores were applied to WMH classification. Healthy controls were referred to 1,000 Genome Project and GeneSky company who provided 1,007 Chinese healthy controls. Fast target sequencing technology was used to select the SNPs of 102 genes related to the pathogenesis of sICAS in the sICAS patients. Results: The allele frequencies of 88 SNPs were significantly different between the sICAS group and the healthy controls ( p < 0.05). The allele frequencies of 53 SNPs were significantly different between the sICAS patients with and without WMHs ( p < 0.05). Further analysis found that matrix metalloproteinase 9 ( MMP9) rs17576 was simultaneously related to sICAS and WMHs. The frequency of the rs17576 A allele was significantly lower in sICAS patients when compared to the normal controls ( p = 0.03, OR [95% CI] = 0.75 [0.625–0.91]). Also, the frequency of the rs17576 genotypes was significantly different under codominant ( p = 0.009), dominant ( p = 0.014), and recessive ( p= 0.023) models. The frequency of the rs17576 A allele was significantly higher in sICAS with WMH patients, compared to those without WMHs ( p = 0.022, OR [95% CI] = 1.54 [1.06–2.22]); the frequency of the rs17576 genotypes was significantly different under codominant ( p = 0.019) and recessive ( p = 0.032) models. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, hypertension, and MMP9 rs17576 AA genotype were independent risk factors for sICAS with WMHs. Conclusion: MMP9 rs17576 may be simultaneously associated with the risk of sICAS and WMHs.

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          Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation.

          The classification of diabetes mellitus and the tests used for its diagnosis were brought into order by the National Diabetes Data Group of the USA and the second World Health Organization Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus in 1979 and 1980. Apart from minor modifications by WHO in 1985, little has been changed since that time. There is however considerable new knowledge regarding the aetiology of different forms of diabetes as well as more information on the predictive value of different blood glucose values for the complications of diabetes. A WHO Consultation has therefore taken place in parallel with a report by an American Diabetes Association Expert Committee to re-examine diagnostic criteria and classification. The present document includes the conclusions of the former and is intended for wide distribution and discussion before final proposals are submitted to WHO for approval. The main changes proposed are as follows. The diagnostic fasting plasma (blood) glucose value has been lowered to > or =7.0 mmol l(-1) (6.1 mmol l(-1)). Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) is changed to allow for the new fasting level. A new category of Impaired Fasting Glycaemia (IFG) is proposed to encompass values which are above normal but below the diagnostic cut-off for diabetes (plasma > or =6.1 to or =5.6 to <6.1 mmol l(-1)). Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) now includes gestational impaired glucose tolerance as well as the previous GDM. The classification defines both process and stage of the disease. The processes include Type 1, autoimmune and non-autoimmune, with beta-cell destruction; Type 2 with varying degrees of insulin resistance and insulin hyposecretion; Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; and Other Types where the cause is known (e.g. MODY, endocrinopathies). It is anticipated that this group will expand as causes of Type 2 become known. Stages range from normoglycaemia to insulin required for survival. It is hoped that the new classification will allow better classification of individuals and lead to fewer therapeutic misjudgements.
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            Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: structure, function, and biochemistry.

            Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), also designated matrixins, hydrolyze components of the extracellular matrix. These proteinases play a central role in many biological processes, such as embryogenesis, normal tissue remodeling, wound healing, and angiogenesis, and in diseases such as atheroma, arthritis, cancer, and tissue ulceration. Currently 23 MMP genes have been identified in humans, and most are multidomain proteins. This review describes the members of the matrixin family and discusses substrate specificity, domain structure and function, the activation of proMMPs, the regulation of matrixin activity by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, and their pathophysiological implication.
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              Global burden of intracranial atherosclerosis.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                CED
                Cerebrovasc Dis
                10.1159/issn.1015-9770
                Cerebrovascular Diseases
                S. Karger AG
                1015-9770
                1421-9786
                2021
                February 2021
                09 December 2020
                : 50
                : 1
                : 4-11
                Affiliations
                [_a] aDepartment of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
                [_b] bDepartment of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
                Author notes
                *Jian Xia, Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008 (China), xjian1216@csu.edu.cn
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9601-5076
                Article
                511582 Cerebrovasc Dis 2021;50:4–11
                10.1159/000511582
                33296906
                f4b0e15a-2ffb-4025-ad7d-f824c4845b84
                © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                : 11 March 2020
                : 12 September 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 5, Pages: 8
                Categories
                Clinical Research in Stroke

                Geriatric medicine,Neurology,Cardiovascular Medicine,Neurosciences,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry,Public health
                Symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis,White matter hyperintensities,Matrix metalloproteinase 9,Polymorphism

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